1865.] Report of the Archaeological Survey. 157 



which was full of bamboo spikes only four inches in length. These 

 spikes represented the number of husbands and their wives who had 

 been converted by TJpagupta. 



164. At 24 or 25 U, or just four miles to the south-east of the 

 stone chamber, there was a large dry tank, with a Stupa on its bank, 

 which marked the spot where Buddha was said to have taken exercise. 

 On this spot also, according to the local legends, a monkey had offered 

 honey to Buddha, which the teacher graciously accepted and directed 

 that it should be mixed with water and given to the monks. The 

 glad monkey made a wild bound, and fell into the tank and died ; but 

 owing to the powerful influence of his good act, he became a man in 

 his next birth. 



165. In a forest at a short distance to the north of the tank there 

 was another holy spot, where the four previous Buddhas were said 

 to have taken exercise ; and all around it there were numerous Stupas, 

 which marked the places where no less than 1,250 arhats, or holy 

 men, including Sdriputra, Mudgalaputra, and others, used to sit in 

 meditation. But besides these, there were several other Stupas on 

 the spots where Buddha at different times had explained the law. 



166. The two principal sites described by Hwen Thsang can, I 

 think, be fixed with tolerable certainty ; namely, that of the famous 

 Upagupta monastery, and that of the monkey's offering. The first 

 is said to be at 5 or 6 U, or just one mile, to the east of the city ; but 

 as an eastern direction would take us to the low ground, on the oppo- 

 site bank of the Jumna, where no ruins now exist, I feel quite satisfied 

 that we should read west instead of east. This change is rendered 

 almost certain by the discovery of numerous Buddhist remains inside 

 the great square of the Katra, which is just one mile to the westward 

 of the old fort of Mathura. But it is rendered quite certain by the 

 more recent discovery of very important Buddhist remains and old 

 inscriptions in a mound beside a tanh which is situated just three miles 

 to the south-east of the Katra mound. This tank mound I take to 

 be the place where Buddha was said to have taken exercise, and where 

 the monkey made his offering of honey. The direction is precisely 

 the same, and the distance agrees also as well as can be made out from 

 Hwen Thsang's statements. He gives the distance as four miles from 

 the stone chamber, which was at some unstated, but certainly ■ short, 



