162 Report of the Archceological Survey. [No. 3, 



173. The most extensive discoveries at Mathura have been made 

 in a mound close to the Jail, which, according to the inscriptions, 

 would appear to have been the site of at least two different monas- 

 teries, named the Huvishka Vihdra and the Kundokliara Vihdra. 

 The first of these names I deciphered in 1860 from a circular inscrip- 

 tion round the base of a column, and the second name I found early 

 in the present year, 1863, on a large flat slab of stone which had 

 apparently been used as a seat. 



174. In my notice of the first discovery, which was published in 

 the Asiatic Society's Journal for 1860, I identified this Huvishka with 

 his namesake of the Wardak inscription, and with the Hushka of the 

 Raja Tarangini ; and this identification has since been adopted by all 

 who have made any reference to either of these records. The ques- 

 tion is one of considerable importance, as it enables us to fix the date 

 of the building of the monastery in the latter half of the century 

 immediately preceding the Christian era, at which period the three 

 Indo-Scythian princes, Huslika and his brothers, Kanishka and Jushka, 

 ruled over Kabul, Kashmir, and the Punjab. The bases of about 30 

 pillars belonging to this monastery have now been discovered, of which 

 no less than 15 are inscribed with the names of the donors who pre- 

 sented the columns to the monastery. But as one of these gifts 

 consisted of six pillars, a second of 25, and a third of 26 pillars, there 

 still remain 40 columns to be discovered, which will bring up the total 

 number to 70. The diameter of the circular shafts of these pillars 

 varies from 17 to 18 inches, and the side of the square base from 23J 

 to 24 inches. They are all very coarsely worked, the rough marks of 

 the chisel never having been smoothed away. 



175. The name of the second monastery, Kundohhara, refers, I 

 believe, to the tank which lies immediately to the westward of the 

 mound. At most of the old Buddhist sites I have found tanks named 

 in a similar manner, as the Buddhokhar at Buddha Gaya, the Panso- 

 fchar at Nalanda, the Narokhar and Ghandokhar at Sarnath, Benares, 

 the Buddhokhar at' Punawa, and the Ghandokhar at Dharawat. All 

 of these I believe to be formed of Pushkhara, or Pokhar, the well 

 known term for a tank, added to the name of Buddha, or to that of 

 the person at whose expense it was excavated. 



176. The discoveries already made in the Jail mound, amongst 



