1865.] Report of the Archaeological Survey. 163 



the ruins of the Huvishka and Kundokhara monasteries, have been 

 very interesting on account of their variety, as they comprise statues 

 of all sizes, bas-reliefs, pillars, Buddhist railings, votive Stupas, stone 

 umbrellas, and many other objects peculiar to Buddhism, of a date as- 

 early as the first century of the Christian era. Amongst the broken 

 statues there is the left hand of a colossal figure of Buddha, the 

 Teacher, which measures exactly one foot across the palm. The 

 statue itself, therefore, could not have been less than from 20 to 24 

 feet in height, and with its pedestal, halo, and umbrella canopy it 

 must have been fully 30 feet in height. &tone statues of this great 

 size are so extremely difficult to move, that they can be very rarely 

 made. It is true that some of the Jain statues of Gwalior are larger, 

 such as the standing colossus in the Urwdhi of the fort, which is 57 

 feet high, with a foot 9 feet in length, and the great seated figure on 

 the east side of the fort, which is 29 feet high, with a hand 7 feet in 

 length. But these figures are hewn out of the solid rock, to which 

 they are still attached at the back. There are larger statues also in 

 Barma, but they are built up on the spot of brick and mortar, and 

 cannot be moved. I look forward, therefore, with great interest to the 

 discovery of other portions of the Mathura Colossus, and more especi- 

 ally to that of the pedestal, on which we may expect to find the name 

 of the donor of this costly and difficult work. 



177. Most of the statues hitherto discovered at Mathura have been 

 those of Buddha, the Teacher, who is represented either sitting or 

 standing, and with one or both hands raised in the attitude of enforcing 

 his argument. The prevailing number of these statues is satisfactorily 

 illustrated by Hwen Thsang, who records that when Buddha was alive 

 he frequently visited Mathura, and that monuments have been erected 

 " in all the places where he explained the law." Accordingly, on this 

 one spot there have already been found two colossal standing figures 

 of the Teacher, each 7| feet in height, two life-size seated statues, and 

 one three-quarter size seated statue, besides numerous smaller figures 

 of inferior workmanship. 



178. The most remarkable piece of sculpture is that of a female 

 of rather more than half life-size. The figure is naked, save a 

 girdle of beads round the waist, the same as is seen in the Bhilsa 

 sculptures and Ajanta paintings. The attitude and the positions of the 



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