174 Report of the Archaeological Survey. [No. 8, 



statement of the uncharitable arhat, and the fact that his brethren had 

 burned his body in the usual manner. This legend, as well as several 

 others, would seem to show that there was a hostile and even bitter 

 feeling between these two great sects of the Buddhist community. 



196. The site of Vimala Mitra's Stupa is described as being at 

 the edge of the mango grove, and from the details of the legend it is 

 clear that it could have been at no great distance from the Stupa of 

 Sanghabhadra. It would appear also that it must have stood close by 

 the great ditch, or hollow, which his opponents looked upon as the 

 rent in the earth by which he had sunk down to " everlasting hell." 

 Now, the mango grove which I have before mentioned, extends only 

 120 paces to the westward to the bank of the deep tank called the Pirwdli 

 Tdl. I conclude therefore that the Stupa of Vimala Mitra must have 

 stood close to the edge of this tank and on the border of the mango grove 

 which still exists in the same position as described by Hwen Thsang. 



197. It seems probable that the people of Maddwar, as pointed out 

 by M. St. Martin, may be the Mathce of Megasthenes who dwelt on 

 the banks of the Erineses. If so, that river must be the Malini It 

 is true that this is but a small stream, but it was in a sacred grove 

 on the bank of the Mdlini that Sahuntala was brought up, and along 

 its course lay her route to the Court of Dushmanta at Hastinapur. 

 While the lotus floats on its waters, and while the Chakwa calls its 

 mate on its bank, so long will the little Mdlini live in the verse 

 of Kdlidds. 



V.— KASHIPUR, OR GOVISANA. 



198. On leaving Madipur the Chinese pilgrim travelled 400 U, or 

 66 miles to the south-east and arrived in the kingdom of Kiu-pi- 

 shwang-na, which M. Julien renders by Govisana. The Capital 

 was 14 or 15 li\ or 2 \ miles, in circuit. Its position was strong, being 

 elevated, and of difficult access, and it was surrounded by groves, 

 tanks, and fish ponds. There were two monasteries containing 100 

 monks, and 30 Brahmanical temples. In the middle of the larger 

 monastery, which was outside the city, there was a Stupa of Asoka, 200 

 feet in height, built over the the spot where Buddha was said to have 

 explained the law. There were also two small Stupas, only 12 feet 

 high, containing his hair and nails. 



