1865.] Report of the Archaeological Survey. 177 



quadrangular terrace, GOO in length by 500 feet in breadth, and, as well 

 as I could ascertain from an excavation at the top, it is the remains of a 

 large square temple. Close by on the east, and within the quadrangle, 

 there are the ruins of two small temples. To the eastward of the Jwala 

 Devi temple, there is a curious circular, flat-topped mound of earth, 68 

 feet in diameter, surrounded by a brick wall from 7 to 11 feet in height. 

 It is called Rdmgir Gosain-ka-tila, or "the mound of Rdmgir Gosain" 

 from which I infer that it is the burial place of a modern Gosain. To 

 the south of the fort, near the temple of Jagesar Mahadeva, there is a 

 third large mound, 22 feet in height, which was once crowned by a 

 temple 20 feet square inside. The bricks have only recently been 

 removed, and the square core of earth still remains perfect. To the 

 westward of this last, there is a fourth mound, on which I traced the 

 ruins of a temple 30 feet square standing in the midst of a raised 

 quadrangle about 500 feet square. Besides these there are ten smaller 

 mounds, which make up altogether 14, or just one-half the number of 

 the Brahmanical temples which are mentioned by Hwen Thsang. 



203. The only ruin which appeared to me to be of undoubted 

 Buddhist origin was a solid brick mound 20 feet in height, to the 

 south-west of Jagesar Mahadeva, and close to the small village of 

 Rhargpur. The base of the mound is upwards of 200 feet in diameter. 

 The solid brick-work at the top is still 60 feet thick, but as it is 

 broken all round, its original diameter must have been much greater, 

 probably not less than 80 feet. But even this larger diameter is too small 

 for a Stupa of 200 feet in height of the hemispherical form of Asoka's 

 time ; a Stupa of that early period, even when provided with both 

 plinth and cupola, would not have exceeded 100 feet in height. Unless 

 therefore we may suppose that there is a mistake of 100 feet in the text 

 of Hwen Thsang, I feel quite unable to offer any identification 

 whatever of the Buddhist remains of Govisana as described by the 

 Chinese pilgrim. 



VI.— RAMNAGAR, or ahichhatra. 



204. From Grovisana Hwen Thsang proceeded to the south-east 

 400 li, or 66 miles, to AM-chi-ta-lo, or Ahichhatra. This once famous 

 place still preserves its ancient name as Ahichhatr, although it has 

 been deserted for many centuries. Its history reaches back to B. C. 



