200 Report of the Archaeological Survey. [No. 4, 



the south-east gap in the ramparts. But the name is pronounced 

 Paor, xr TT, and not Paur, iriT, and may therefore refer to the stair- 

 cases or steps (Paori), and not to the gate. The Kali, or Kalindri 

 Nadi, flows past the south-west corner of the ramparts from the Bdj. 

 ghat, which is half a mile distant, to the Kakra Ghcit, which is rather 

 more than one mile to the south of the line of ramparts. 



244. To the north-west, three-quarters of a mile distant, stands 

 the large mound of Agahat, which is 40 feet in height, and rather 

 more than half a mile in diameter at base. The name of the old town 

 is said to have been Agahat, but the place is now called Agahat Sarai 

 (Agahat of the maps) from a modern Sarai, which was built in 

 A. H. 1080, or A. D. 1670, on the north-east corner of the mound, by 

 the ancestor of the present Pathan Zamindar. The people say that 

 before this, the place had been deserted for several centuries ; but as I 

 obtained a tolerably complete series of the copper coins of the Muham- 

 madan Kings of Delhi and Jounpur, I presume that it could not have 

 been deserted for any very long time. The mound is covered with 

 broken bricks of large size, which alone is a sure test of antiquity : and 

 as it is of the same height as that of Sankisa, the people are most 

 probably right in their assertion that the two places are of the same 

 age. In both mounds are found the same old coins without any in- 

 scriptions, the more ancient being square pieces of silver covered with 

 various punch marks, and the others, square pieces of copper that have 

 been cast in a mould, — all of which are, in my opinion, anterior to the 

 invasion of Alexander the Great. 



245. In identifying Sankisa with the Sang Kasya of the Rama- 

 yana and the Seng-kia-she of the Chinese, we are supported, not only 

 by its absolute identity of name, but likewise by its relative position 

 with regard to three such well known places as Mathura, Kanoj, and 

 Ahi-clihatra. In size, also, it agrees very closely with the measure- 

 ment given by Hwen Thsang ; his circuit of 20 li, or 3 J miles, being 

 only a little less than my measurement of 18,900 feet, or 3| miles. 

 There can be no doubt, therefore, that the place is actually the same ; 

 but in attempting to identify the sites of any of the holy spots 

 mentioned by Hweu Thsang, I find myself baffled at the outset by 

 the indefiniteness as well as the meagreness of the pilgrim's descrip- 

 tions. It is his usual practice to state the relative bearings and 



