1865.] Report 'of the Archaeological Survey. 225 



India. Udayana Vatsa, the son of Satanika, is also known to the 

 Tibetans as the King of Kosambi. In the Uatnavali he is called Vatsa 

 Raja, or King of the Vatsas, and his capital Vatsa pattana, which is 

 therefore only another name for Kosambi. In this celebrated city, 

 Buddha is said to have spent the 6th and 9th years of his Buddha- 

 hood. Lastly, Hwen Thsang relates that the famous statue of Buddha 

 in red sandal wood, which was made by King Udayana during the 

 life time of the Teacher, still existed under a stone dome in the ancient 

 palace of King Udayana. 



284. The site of this great city, the capital of the later Pandu 

 Princes, and the shrine of the most sacred of all the statues of Buddha, 

 has long been sought in vain. The Brahmans generally asserted that 

 it stood either on the Ganges, or close to it, and the discovery of the 

 name of Kosambi mandala, or " Kingdom of Kosambi," in an inscrip- 

 tion over the gateway of the fort of Khara, seems to confirm the general 

 belief, although the south-west bearing from Prayaga, or Allahabad, 

 as recorded by Hwen Thsang, points unmistakably to the line of the 

 Jumna. In January 1861, Mr. Bayley informed me that he believed 

 the ancient Kosambi would be found in the old village of Kosam, on 

 the Jumna, about 30 miles above Allahabad. In the following month 

 I met Babu Siva Prasad, of the Educational Department, who takes a 

 deep and intelligent interest in all archaeological subjects, and from 

 him I learned that Kosam is still known as Kosdmbi-nagar, that it is 

 even now a great resort of the Jains, and that only one century ago 

 it was a large and flourishing town. This information was quite suffi- 

 cient to satisfy me that Kosam was the actual site of the once famous 

 Kosambi. Still, however, there was no direct evidence to show that 

 the city was situated on the Jumna ; but this missing link in the chain 

 of evidence I shortly afterwards found in the curious legend of Bak- 

 kula, which is related at length in Hardy's Manual of Buddhism. 

 The infant Bakkula was born at Kosambi, and while his mother was 

 bathing in the Jumna, he accidentally fell into the river, and being 

 swallowed by a fish was carried to Benares. There the fish was caught 

 and sold to the wife of a nobleman, who on opening it found the young 

 child still alive inside, and at once adopted it as her own. The true 

 mother hearing of this wonderful escape of the infant, proceeded to 

 Benares, and demanded the return of the child, which was of course 

 refused. The matter was then referred to the King, who decided that 



