230 Report of tlie Archceological Survey. [No. 4, 



King Udayana was permitted to send up to the Trayastrinsa heaven, 

 while the great Teacher was explaining his law to his mother Maya. The 

 statue was placed under a stone dome, within the precincts of the palace 

 of Udayana, which is described by Hwen Thsang as being situated in 

 the very middle of Kosambi. This description shows that the place 

 must have occupied the position of the great central mass of ruin, 

 which is now covered by a small Jain temple. The temple is said to 

 have been built in 1834, and is dedicated to Pdrasndth. By the 

 people, however, it is generally called Deora, or the Temple, which 

 was the old name of the mound, and which, therefore, points unmis- 

 takably to the position of the ancient temple that once held the famous 

 statue of Buddha. The foundations of a large building are still 

 traceable both to the east and west of the temple ; but there are no 

 remains either of sculpture or of architectural ornament. But in the 

 village of Bara Garhawa, distant 1,500 feet to the south-west, I found 

 two sculptured pillars of a Buddhist railing, and the pedestal of a 

 statue inscribed with the well-known Buddhist profession of faith, 

 beginning with Ye dharmma hetu prabliavd, &c, in characters of the 

 8th or 9th century. In the village of Chota Grarhawa, distant half a 

 mile to the south-east, I found a small square pillar sculptured on three 

 faces with representations of stupas. The discovery of these undoubted 

 Buddhist remains is alone sufficient to prove that some large Buddhist 

 establishment must once have existed inside the walls of Kosambi. 

 I would therefore assign the two pillars of the Buddhist railing and 

 the inscribed statue to the great Vihar in the palace, which contained 

 the famous sandal wood statue of Buddha. The third pillar I would 

 assign to the stupa which contained the hair and nails of Buddha, 

 as it was situated inside the south-east corner of the city, on the very 

 site of Chota Grarhawa, where the pillar itself was found. The two 

 railing pillars found at Bara Grarhawa are sculptured with figures of a 

 male and female, and as both of these figures exhibit the very same 

 scanty clothing as is seen in those of the bas-reliefs of the Sanchi 

 Tope, near Bhilsa, I would refer the Kosambi pillars to the same age, 

 or somewhere about the beginning of the Christian era. 



291. The only other existing relic of Buddhism inside the fort is a 

 large stone monolith similar to those of Allahabad and Delhi, excepting 

 only that it bears no ancient inscription. This column is now stand- 

 ing at an angle of 52°, about one-half of the shaft being buried in a 



