234 Report of the Archaeological Survey. [No. 4, 



au sud-est de la ville." In this village squared stones of all sizes 

 may be seen in the walls of most of the houses, and after a little search 

 I succeeded in finding four plain pillars of two different sizes which 

 had once belonged to two different Buddhist railings. Two of these 

 pillars are 4 feet 9 inches in height, with a section of 12J by 7 inches, 

 which are also the exact dimensions of the largest railing pillars that 

 have been found at Mathura. The other two pillars are 2 feet 9 

 inches in height, with a section of 7 by 3J inches, which are the exact 

 dimensions of the smallest sized railing pillars that have been found at 

 Mathura. The larger pillars I would assign to the Buddhist railing, 

 which in all probability once surrounded the lofty stupa of Asoka, and 

 the smaller pillars I would assign to the smaller stupa, which contained 

 the hair and nails of Buddha. 



296. I found also the fragment of a corner pillar with the mortice 

 holes for the reception of the rails on two adjacent sides at right angles 

 to each other. I conclude, therefore, that this pillar must have belong- 

 ed to the entrance doorway of one of the railings, although its face of 

 9 inches does not agree with the dimensions of either of the other 

 pillars. 



XV.— KUSAPURA. 



297. From Kosambi the Chinese pilgrim travelled to the north 

 east, through a vast forest as far as the Granges, after crossing which 

 his route lay to the north for a distance of 700 li, or 117 miles, to 

 the town of Kia-she-pu-lo, which M. Julien correctly renders by Kasa- 

 pura. In searching for the site of this place, the subsequent route of 

 the pilgrim to Visdkhd, a distance of 170 to 180 li, or from 28 to 30 

 miles, to the north is of equal importance with the bearing and dis- 

 tance from Kosambi. For as the Visakha, of Hwen Thsang, as I will 

 presently show, is the same place as the Sha-chi of Fa Hian, and the 

 Sdketa or Ayodhya of the Hindus, we thus obtain two such well fixed 

 points as Kosambi and Ayodhya to guide us in our search. A single 

 glance at the map will be sufficient to show that the old town of 

 Sidtdnpmr on the Gomati (or Grumti) River is as nearly as possible 

 in the position indicated. Now the Hindu name of this town was 

 Kusabhavanapura, or simply Kusapura, which is almost the same name 

 as that of Hwen Thsang. Remembering Mr. Bayley's note of informa- 

 tion derived from Raja Man Sinh that there was " a tope near Sultan- 

 pur," I pitched my tent on one side of the now utterly desolate city, 



