1865.] Report of the Archceological Survey. 261 



from the gate the first monuments noticed by both pilgrims are two lofty- 

 stone pillars, one on each side of the road. Hwen Thsang says that 

 they had been erected by Asoka, that they were 70 feet high, and that 

 the left column was crowned by a cupola or dome, and the other by an 

 elephant. But Fa Hian, on the contrary, describes these figures as a 

 wheel and an ox. I feel satisfied that Fa Hian is right as to the first, 

 as the wheel is frequently represented in the Sanchi sculptures as 

 crowning the capitals of columns, and we know that it was also used 

 as a type of Buddha himself as the Ghahravartti Raja, or King who 

 11 turned the wheel " of the law, or in other words who made religion 

 advance. With regard to the animal that crowned the other pillar I 

 am unable to offer any remark, except the obvious explanation that 

 the trunk of the elephant must have been broken off before the time 

 of Fa Hian, otherwise it is impossible to conceive how he could have 

 mistaken the figure for that of an ox. But this discrepancy in the 

 accounts of the two pilgrims is the best argument that I can offer for 

 the mistake which I believe them both to have made regarding the 

 animal that crowned the Sankisa pillar, as noticed in para. 247 of this 

 Bsport. There are no remains of these pillars, but there are two 

 slight eminences only 300 feet distant from the monastery which 

 may have been the basements on which the pillars stood, as the 

 pathway leading to the ruined mound on the east side runs between 

 them. 



343. To the north-east of the monastery of Jetavana, and there- 

 fore to the north of the pillars, there was a Stupa, built, on the spot 

 where Buddha had washed the hands and feet of a sick monk and 

 had cured his sickness. The remains of this Stupa still exist in a 

 mass of solid brick-work, to the north of the presumed pillar base- 

 ments, and at a distance of 550 feet from the Jetavana monastery. 

 This ruined mass, which is 24J feet in height, is built entirely of 

 large bricks, 24 by 10 by 3 J inches, which is a sufficient proof of its 

 antiquity. I made an excavation from the top, to a depth of 20 feet, 

 without any result save the verification of the fact that the ruin was a 

 mass of solid brick-work. 



341. To the east of the monastery, at a distance of 100 paces, or 

 250 feet, there was a large deep trench, which was said to be the spot 

 where the earth had opened and engulfed Devadatta, the cousin and 



