262 Report of the Archcsological Survey. [No. 4, 



implacable enemy of Buddha. Fa Hi an calls the distance only 70 

 paces, or less than 200 feet, in a northerly direction from the east gate 

 of the monastery. But as the two pillars and the Stwpa, which have 

 just been described, stood in the very position here indicated by Fa 

 Hian, it is certain that we must read " southerly." The accuracy of 

 this correction is confirmed by the existence of a large deep tank with- 

 in 200 feet of the south-east corner of the ruined monastery, called 

 Bhuldnan. This tank is 600 feet long and 250 feet broad, and is now 

 filled with water. Close by, on the south side, there was another 

 great hollow, in which it was said that the mendicant monk Kukdli, 

 a disciple of Devadatta, had been swallowed up alive for calumniating 

 Buddha. This is represented by the Lambaha Tdl, a long narrow 

 tank, only 200 feet to the south of the Devadatta gulf . The third great 

 fissure or hollow is described by Hwen Thsang as being at 800 paces, 

 or 2,000 feet, to the south of the second. According to the legend 

 this was the spot in which a Brahmani girl, named Chanchd, had been 

 engulfed alive for falsely accusing Buddha of incontinence. This 

 Chanchd gulf is represented by a nameless deep tank, 600 feet long by 

 400 feet broad, which lies 2,200 feet to the south of the Kukali gulf. 

 The exact correspondence of position of these three tanks with the 

 three great fissures or gulfs of the Buddhist legends offers a very 

 strong confirmation of the correctness of identification of the Jogini- 

 baria mound with the great Jetavana monastery. 



345. The pilgrims next describe a pair of temples of the same 

 dimensions, of which one was situated to the east and the other to the 

 west of the road, which should therefore be the main road that led 

 from the city towards the south. , Hwen Thsang says that the first 

 temple was only 70. paces to the east of the monastery, while Fa Hian 

 places it at the same distance from the eastern gate, but towards the 

 north. The position of these temples is doubtful, as I was unable to 

 discover any remains in the immediate vicinity of the monastery that 

 corresponded with the description. There are, however, in another 

 position the remains of two temples, which answer the description so 

 accurately as to leave but little doubt that they must be the buildings 

 in question. The first, or west temple is described by both pilgrims 

 as containing a seated figure of Buddha, while the second or east 

 temple belonged to the Brahmans. Both were 60 feet in height, and 



