1865.] Report of the Archaeological Survey . 267 



nameless tank close to the south side of Visakha's temple, and there- 

 fore in the very position indicated by Hwen Thsang ; but there are 

 no existing remains near it that could be identified with the Stupa of 

 the 500 Sakya maidens. 



352. The monuments of Srdvasti hitherto described by the pilgrims 

 are directly connected with the personal history of Buddha. The 

 places where he sat and walked, where he taught his law, and where 

 he worsted the Brahmans in argument, were all specially holy in the 

 eyes of devout Buddhists. But these sacred monuments formed only 

 a small portion of the Buddhist buildings of the great city of Sravasti, 

 where, according to Hwen Thsang, the monuments were counted by 

 hundreds. Fa Hian, however, quotes a tradition which limited their 

 number to ninety-eight, at a period not remote from his own time, and 

 as he visited the place nearly two centuries and a half earlier than Hwen 

 Thsang, when most of the monasteries were in ruins, we may be satis- 

 fied that their number never reached one hundred even at the most 

 flourishing period of Buddhism. I traced the ruins of nine monasteries 

 in the immediate neighbourhood of the old city, and there are pro- 

 bably as many more within a range of two miles. I found also the 

 foundations of at least ten temples of various sizes, but they were all 

 in too ruinous a state to be of any interest. But when I remember 

 that the Jetavana itself, as well as nearly the whole of the ninety-eight 

 monasteries of Sravasti were in complete ruin upwards of twelve 

 centuries ago, I think it is more wonderful that so much should still 

 be left for the use of the archaeologist, than that so little should remain 

 of all the magnificent buildings of this once famous city. 



XX.— TANDA, OB TADWA. 



353. From Srdvasti both pilgrims proceeded to visit the birth-place 

 of Kasyapa Buddha, at Tu-wei, which Fa Hian places at 50 U, or 8f 

 miles to the west. Hwen Thsang does not name the town, but he states 

 that it was about 60 li, or 10 miles, to the north-west of Sravasti. The 

 beai-ing and distance point to the village of Taclwa, which is just 9 

 miles to the west of Sahet-mahet. Some people refer this name to 

 Tanda, because for the last hundred years the Banjaras have been in the 

 habit of halting, or of making their tanda, at this place. But the 

 people themselves spell the name of their village Tadwa, and not Tanda, 



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