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No. Sex. Locality. E Mus. Total length. Bill. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. 
inches. inch, inches. inches. inch, 
1 Alps. 8. & D. 6:0 1:0 38 2:2 0:95 
2. do. do. 6:0 0:95 39 2:2 0°85 
3. do. do. 6:0 0°85 3°85 2°35 0:85 
4 Switzerland. do. 6:2 1:25 3°85 2:25 0:95 
5. 3 Kokand. do. 6:2 0:9 3:9 2-4 0-9 
6. ? do. 6:0 11 3:7 21 0:9 
7. ? Howard Saunders. 6:2 1:25 3°95 2:2 0:9 
8. e Lord Lilford. 6:5 1:2 4:0 2:3 0:9 
9. 3 Nice. do. 6:0 1:15 38 2°35 0:9 
10. Darjeeling. H. J. Elwes. 6:3 0:9 4:0 2°35 0:95 
11. do. do. 6°74 0:95 39 2°5 0:95 
12. 3 Switzerland. H. B. Tristram. 6:2 1:0 3°85 2°2 0:9 
13. do. do. 6:0 1:0 3:7 2:0 0:9 
14, do. do. 5:9 0:7 3°5 19 0°85 
15. fe) Palestine. do. 6:5 11 39 2:3 0:9 
‘The following dimensions, from a male specimen killed near Lahore, are given by Dr. Henderson :—Length 
6:5 inches, tail from vent 2:0, expanse 11:5; wings when closed reach to within 0°25 of the tail. 
Tuts beautiful little bird is found in its favourite haunts from Central and Southern Europe, 
through Central Asia, to the Himalayas and China. As far as can be ascertained, specimens 
from all these localities belong to one and the same species. Dresser, on a recent visit to 
Leyden, examined the large series of specimens in the University Museum, for studying which 
every facility was afforded by its excellent director, Professor Schlegel, and could perceive no 
visible difference between Indian specimens and others killed in Europe. 
Its most westerly limit would seem to be Spain, where, we are informed by Mr. Howard 
Saunders, it is “found in Sierra Nevada and probably in some other ranges.” Lord Lilford also 
tells us that, it is common among the peaks of the Sierra. Count Salvadori writes :—“ Rare in 
Sardinia; two are in the Museum. It visits the rocks of Cape St. Elias, where Cara has killed 
several, as also other people.” Mr. J. P. Coinde, of Lyons, records one procured at Genas, about 
twelve miles from Lyons. MM. Jaubert and Barthélemy-Lapommeraye state that it is seen 
regularly in the South of France in autumn and spring, and a few breed annually in the rocks 
of the Var mountains and the Basses-Alpes; but they are found more commonly in the Pyrenees 
and the Swiss Alps. It is a solitary bird, inhabiting the wildest localities, creeping about the 
fissures and the moss-grown rocks in search of the small insects which form its food. During 
migration it comes to the villages, and may be seen not uncommonly climbing about the domes 
of buildings and on old towers. Dr. Giglioli, in his essay on the birds observed at Pisa and the 
neighbourhood in 1864, writes :—“‘ Once or twice I have had the opportunity of seeing the lovely 
Tichodroma muraria displaying its bright rose-coloured wings on the rocks of the Monte Pisano, 
near the baths of San Giuliano.” Seidensacher remarks, respecting its occurrence in Styria :—‘ In 
the winter it occurs on the houses in the town of Cilli, and two or three may always be seen at 
the old ruined castle. It undoubtedly breeds here; and I have been told where. On the 17th of 
April, 1864, I saw a male at Pollulle, close to Cilli.” Dresser observed it amongst the ruins of 
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