220 
2 
Insectivores, pl. 62; Kjzerb. Orn. Dan. taf. xxiv.; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. pl. 22. figs. 17, 18 ; 
Sundevall, Sv. Fogl. pl. xv. fig. 3; Gould, B. of Kur. pl. 130; id. B. of G. B. vol. ii. 
pl. Ixiii.; Naumann, Vo6g. Deutschl. taf. 83. fig. 4; Schlegel, Vog. Nederl. pl. 65. 
d ad. supra rufescenti-fuscus, capite unicolori, saturatiore: dorso et uropygio nigro-fusco transversim fasciatis : 
remigibus fuscis, primariis sex externis in pogonio externo fusco albidoque tessellatis, ceteris et secun- 
dariis dorso concoloribus et eodem modo fasciatis: rectricibus rufescenti-fuscis nigro-fusco fasciatis : 
subtus brunnescenti-albidus, abdomine crissoque nigro-fusco fasciatis et rufescente fulvido adumbratis : 
supra oculos linea albida. 
Adult Male (Norwood, 26th December). Upper parts rufous-brown, darker on the head and nape, and 
more rufous on the tail and wings; back, rump, tail, inner primaries, secondaries, and wing-coverts 
banded with narrow blackish brown bars; the outermost primaries marked on the outer web with 
blackish brown and dull brownish white; over the eye a dull whitish stripe ; underparts dull whitish, 
slightly washed with rufous on the breast; abdomen, crissum, and under tail-coverts washed with 
rufous brown, and barred with blackish brown; bill horn-brown, lighter at the base of the lower 
mandible; legs light brown; iris brown. Total length 34 inches, culmen 0°58, wing 1°95, tail 1°35, 
tarsus 0°75. 
Obs. After having compared the various specimens in the series now before me, I fail to detect any specific 
distinction between examples from Central Asia, Asia Minor, Algeria, Northern and Southern Europe, 
and Great Britain, and but very little individual variation. 
Specimens from Italy and Spain are a 
trifle clearer-coloured, some being more, others less barred on the upper parts; one specimen from 
Greece has the back but comparatively little barred, though not less so than another from Durham. 
Specimens from Palestine, Asia Minor, and Chemkend in Central Asia do not differ inter se, except 
that the last (which is labelled 7. fumigatus) is a trifle paler than the other two; they all have the back 
clearly barred, but the bars are not so clear or numerous as in a specimen from Denmark. One 
specimen from Algeria agrees precisely with others from Great Britain, which have the bars on the 
upper parts less clearly defined. I have just received a couple of specimens from Persia, both of which 
agree closely with British examples. The relative measurements of the various specimens are as 
follows :— 
Culmen. 
inch. 
England, d (average size). . . . . 06 
Alhambra, Spam,g .... . . 06 
Wem g 6 6 0 6 46 6 0 5 a OS 
Maced oniasyce en tee ene ere O52 
IAN periag ay can on aici) eiepiken nl eee ae ORO 
ASE, WHR 6 6 o 6 5 0 0 50 0 OF 
TAGS) 9 9 60 8 0 0 6 0 0 ORG 
Central@A\sian meri rn OZ00) 
Shores of the Caspian. . . . . . 0°55 
Snigyy, @ 6 5 6 6 oo oe ooo OD 
Wing. 
inch. 
1:90 
1:9 
1°85 
19 
19 
19 
1:95 
2:0 
1:8 
18 
Tail. 
inch. 
1-4 
1:48 
1:4 
1:4 
15 
1:4 
1:45 
1:4 
1°35 
1:25 
Tarsus. 
inch, 
0:74 
0°67 
0°65 
0:7 
0:7 
0:72 
0°75 
0°75 
0°75 
0°75 
Tus bird, common and well known in almost every part of Great Britain, is found throughout 
Europe from the north of Scandinavia down to Algeria, extending eastward into Central Asia ; 
and should the Japanese bird prove, as I surmise, to be the same as the European species, it 
also occurs in that country and China. In Great Britain it occurs generally throughout the 
