2 
Adult Female in breeding-dress (Cashmere, 9th March). Crown and nape dull yellowish grey with a brownish 
tinge, the black collar wanting; back as in the male, but browner, and the wings duller, the white 
edgings being larger; tail and underparts as in the male; superciliary region, lores, and throat canary- 
yellow; sides of the head below the eye and auriculars marked with blackish grey; sides of the lower 
neck slightly marked with black. 
Young Male (S.E. Ural, 14th August). Crown, nape, and upper parts dull greyish, washed with yellowish 
brown, the crown rather more yellow; forehead and superciliary line yellowish white, a broad mark 
from the bill below the eye and the auriculars dull greyish; underparts dull whitish, with a primrose 
tinge, lower throat tinged with yellow and slightly marked with dark greyish brown; wings and tail as 
in the adult female. 
A younger bird, which cannot have long left the nest, has the upper parts with darker centres to the 
feathers, the sides of the crown blackish, a band of black across the lower throat, and the underparts 
buffy white, the breast washed with yellowish buff. 
Adult Male in winter (Etawah, 29th November). Resembles the female in breeding-dress above described ; 
but the upper parts are darker, the forehead is yellow, the supercilium broader, the lower breast and 
abdomen not bright yellow but primrose-yellow; but the throat and upper breast are canary-yellow, 
and on the lower throat there are some black markings; the white edgings to the wings are also duller 
than in the summer plumage. 
Tuts Wagtail, first described as distinct by Lepechin (who, however, though he enumerated its 
specific characters with accuracy, did not give it a Latin name), is an eastern species, inhabiting 
Northern Asia during the summer and migrating southward into China and India during the 
winter season. In Europe it is found in the extreme eastern or south-eastern portion of 
Russia, where it breeds. It has, however, occurred as far west as Heligoland, where, according 
to Professor Blasius (Ibis, 1862, p. 70), immature examples have been obtained; but, with this 
exception, it does not appear to have occurred west of Russia, where it inhabits the Ural 
range, and, according to M. Martin, arrives early in the spring, whilst the lakes are still 
covered with ice; and when this latter melts it retires to a drier soil, and breeds amongst the 
marsh-grass. Sabanaeff states that it occurs in the Ekaterinburg district, but does not range 
higher than about 563° N. lat.; eastward of Ekaterinburg it gradually becomes commoner. 
Bogdanoff states that it is found near Kazan. I have specimens collected by Sabandeff and by 
Meves in the Southern Ural, which are in almost all stages of plumage; one bird was quite 
young and could not have long left the nest; but neither of these gentlemen found its eggs. 
Professor von Nordmann says that it is one of the rarest visitors to Southern Russia, having only 
been obtained near Taganrog and in the Crimea. 
To the eastward it occurs as far as China. Mr. Blanford does not appear to have observed 
it in Persia, but obtained two specimens in Baluchistan. Dr. Jerdon says (B. of India, ii. p. 226) 
that during the cold weather it is found all over India, where it is not very abundant, and does 
not, like the ordinary Grey-headed Wagtail of India, frequent dry places, but is found on the 
banks of rivers and shores of lakes, and especially in swampy ground or on inundated rice-fields. 
Mr. W. E. Brooks, who met with it in Cashmere, says that it migrates through that country in 
May, and that in June all had passed; and Dr. Henderson writes (Lahore to Yarkand, p. 224) 
that “it was found throughout Cashmere and Ladak, and was noticed as high as 11,000 feet, at 
