HIRUNDO RUFULA. 
(RED-RUMPED SWALLOW.) 
Hirundo alpestris, Pall. Reise, ii. p. 709 (1773, partim). 
Hirundo daurica, Savi, Orn. Tose. iii. p. 201 (1831, nec Lath.). 
Hirundo alpestris, Bp. Faun. Ital. Ucc. Introd. fol. xxx (1832, nec Pallas). 
Hirundo rufula, Temm. Man. d’Orn. iii. p. 298 (1835, syn. excl.). 
HMirundo capensis, Durazzo, Ucc. Liguri, p. 14 (1840, nec Gm.). 
Cecropis rufula (Temm.), A. EK. Brehm, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 453. 
Cecropis capensis, A. EK. Brehm, J. fiir Orn. 1855, p. 492 (nec Gm.). 
Lillia rufula (Temm.), Boie, J. fiir Orn. 1858, p. 364. 
Hirondelle rousseline, French ; Alpenschwalbe, German; Rondine rossiccia, Italian. 
Ligure notabiles. 
Werner, Atlas, Chelidons, Suppl. pl. 1; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. taf. 23. figs. 2, 3; St 
Vog. Deutschl. taf. 383. fig. 4. 
Ad. pileo et dorso chalybeo-nigris, nucha et collo postico toto ferrugineis, dorsi plumis ad basin albis: alis et 
cauda nigris, hac et secundariis intimis cum tectricibus alarum chalybeo nitentibus: uropygio ferru- 
gineo, in parte ima pallidiore, fere albido: supracaudalibus majoribus cum cauda concoloribus : mento, 
gula, regione paroticA et corpore subtis albis, pectore et abdomine vix, et corporis lateribus conspicué 
pallidé rufescente cervino lavatis: gule, gutturis et pectoris plumis centraliter nigro-fusco striatis : 
abdomine striis obsoletis notato: subcaudalibus conspicué chalybeo-nigro terminatis: subalaribus cum 
abdomine concoloribus: rostro nigricante: iride fusc4: pedibus saturaté brunneis. 
Juv. adulto similis sed coloribus sordidioribus: corpore subtts vix striato et magis rufescente cervino lavato : 
secundariis et tectricibus alarum nonnullis rufescente cervino apicatis: rectricis externe Ueeindue 
pogonio interno macula albida magna centraliter notato, cauda minus furcata. 
Adult Male (Genoa, 8th May). ~Crown glossy black, with purplish or steel-blue reflections; entire nape 
and hind neck rusty red; back similarly coloured to the crown, but marked with white, the feathers 
being white at the base, and this colour shows through here and there; wings black, the inner 
secondaries and wing-coyerts glossed with steel-blue; ramp rusty red, becoming pale, almost white 
on the upper portion of the tail-coverts, longer tail-coverts black, with steely reflections; tail very 
deeply forked, black, slightly glossed with steel-blue; chin, throat, ear-coverts, and underparts 
generally white, slightly washed with pale rufous-buff on the breast and abdomen, and more especially 
on the flanks; most of the feathers on the throat and breast with very narrow dark central stripes, 
which gradually become obsolete on the lower abdomen; under tail-coverts very broadly tipped with 
glossy black; under wing-coverts like the abdomen; bill blackish; iris blackish brown; feet dark 
brown. ‘Total length about 7 inches, culmen 0°32, gape 0°52, wing 4°8, tail 4°15, tarsus 0°55. 
Adult Female. Undistinguishable from the male. 
437% 
