SERINUS HORTULANUS. 
(SERIN FINCH.) 
Passer serinus, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 179 (1760). 
Fringilla serinus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 320 (1766). 
Loxia serinus (L.), Scop. Ann. I. Hist. Nat. p. 140. no. 205 (1769). 
Fringilla montana, Bodd. Tabl. des Pl. Enl. p. 40 (1783). 
Fringilla citrinella, Bechst. Orn. Taschenb. i. p. 124 (1802, nec Linn.). 
Serinus hortulanus, Koch, Baier. Zool. i. p. 229 (1816). 
Loxia serinus, an nov. sp.? Fab. Isis, Suppl. 1824, p. 792. 
Serinus orientalis, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 254 (1831). 
Serinus meridionalis, C. L. Brehm, op. cit. p. 255 (1831). 
Serinus islandicus, C. L. Brehm, op. cit. p. 255 (1831, ex Faber). 
Serinus flavescens, Gould, B. of Eur. pl. 195 (1837). 
Pyrrhula (Dryospiza) serinus (L.), Keys. & Blas. Wirbelth. Eur. p. xli. (1840). 
Pyrrhula serinus (L.), Degland, Orn. Eur. i. p. 193 (1849). 
Serinus hortulorum, Drake, Ibis, 1867, p. 427, laps. cal. 
Crithagra serinus (L.), Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 647 (1871). 
Serinus luteolus, A. von Homeyer, J. f. O. 1873, p. 223. 
Serin, French; Chamariz, Spanish; Verzellino, Italian; Apparell, Maltese; Girlitz, Hirn- 
grille, Cinit, German; Guulirisk, Danish. 
Figure notabiles. 
D’Aubenton, Pl. Enl. 658. fig. 1; Werner, Atlas, Granivores, pl. 42; Kjerb. Orn. Dan. 
taf. xxvii.; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. taf. 17. fig. 9; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. taf. 123; Gould, 
B. of G. Brit. iii. pl. 38; Bechst. Orn. Taschenb. taf. 15. 
3 ad. fronte, line& superciliari, gulA et pectore leté flavis: pileo postico, nuchd et capitis lateribus saturaté 
cinereis, plumis flavido marginatis: dorsi plumis, scapularibus et tectricibus alarum centraliter nigro- 
fuscis, versus marginem pallidioribus et vix flavo marginatis: uropygio et supracaudalibus flavis: alis et 
cauda nigro-fuscis, plumis extis vix flavido marginatis: pectoris lateribus et hypochondriis conspicue 
nigro-fusco striatis: abdomine et subcaudalibus albis vix sulfureo adumbratis : rostro corneo, ad basin 
pallidé carneo: pedibus brunneis: iride fusca. 
2 ad. sordidior, minus flavo notata: pileo, nuchd et capitis lateribus dorso concoloribus: plumis in corpore 
supra griseo-flavo marginatis: uropygio vix nigro-fusco striato: corpore supra albido: pectore et 
gutture flayo lavatis: pectore, gutture et hypochondriis nigro-fusco striatis. 
Adult Male in summer (Frankfort, 10th May). Forehead, a line over the eye, throat, and breast bright 
(almost golden) yellow; feathers on the hind crown, nape, and sides of the head blackish grey, more or 
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