97 



PYEEHITLA MAJOE. 



(NORTHERN BULLFINCH.) 



Loxia pyrrhula, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 300 (1766). 

 % Pyrrhula rubicilla, Pall. Zoogr. Eosso-As. ii. p. 7 (1811). 

 Fringilla pyrrhula (L.), Meyer, Vog. Liv- u. Esthl. p. 81 (1815). 

 Pyrrhula major, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 252 (1831). 

 Pyrrhula coccinea, De Selys, Faune Beige, p. 79 (1842). 



Dompap, Norwegian and Danish ; Domherre, Swedish ; Punatulkku-Leivonen, Finnish ; 

 Snigir, Russian. 



Figures notabiles. 

 Sundevall, Svensk. Fogl. pi. 11. figs. 4, 5 ; Kjserb. Orn. Dan. taf. 28. 



6 ad. Pyrrhula europcece similis sed major, rostro robustiore, corpore subtus colore clariore et lsetiore. 



2 ad. Pyrrhula europcece similis sed major. 



Adult Male (Uima, Archangel) . Resembles P. europcea, but is larger, has a larger and stouter bill, and the 

 red portion of the plumage is richer and brighter in tinge of colour. Total length about 6 - 25 inches, 

 culmen 045, wing 3'8, tail 3*1, tarsus 0'8. 



Adult Female (Uima). Resembles the female of P. europcea, but is larger, measuring — culmen 0"45, wing 

 3-75, tail 2-95, tarsus 0-7. 



The present species, which is a larger and more richly coloured form of our British and West- 

 European species, inhabits Northern and Eastern Europe, breeding in the north and visiting the 

 southern countries during the winter. 



It does not appear to have with certainty been known to occur in Great Britain, but is the 

 common Bullfinch of Scandinavia. Mr. Collett says that it breeds commonly in Norway, both in 

 the eastern districts, from Smaalehnene and the districts about the Christiania fiord, as also in all 

 probability along the entire west coast. Northward it passes above the Polar circle. In the 

 autumn and winter it visits the plains, and especially inhabited places. On the fells it scarcely 

 ranges above the limit of conifer-growth. 



Sundevall says that it is found throughout Sweden, and even occurs in Skane in the summer 

 season, as well as high up in Lapland, at Gellivara and Quickjock. In the winter it is found in 

 Central and Southern Sweden. In Finland it is very generally distributed, but breeds chiefly in 

 the northern districts, visiting the southern portions of that country in the cold season. 



Throughout the whole of Northern Russia it is common during the breeding-season ; and, 

 judging from the collections I have received from Archangel, it would seem to be very numerous 



E 



