101 



PYERHULA EUEOP^A. 



(COMMON BULLFINCH.) 



Pyrrhula, Briss. Orn. iii. p. 308 (1760). 



Pyrrhula nigra, Briss. torn. cit. p. 313 (1760). 



Pyrrhula Candida, Briss. torn. cit. p. 313 (1760). 



Le Bouvreuil, Montb. Hist. Nat. Ois. iv. p. 372, pi. 17 (1778). 



Loxia pyrrhula, Lath. Ind. Orn. i. p. 387 (1790). 



Fringilla pyrrhula (Lath.), Temm. Man. d'Orn. p. 200 (1815). 



Pyrrhula europwa, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. iv. p. 286 (1816). 



Pyrrhula rufa, Koch, Baier. Z'ool. i. p. 227 (1816). 



Pyrrhula vulgaris, Temm. Man. d'Orn. i. p. 338 (1820). 



Pyrrhula germanica, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 252 (1831). 



Pyrrhula per egrina, C. L. Brehm, op. cit. p. 253 (1831). 



Pyrrhula pileata, Macgill. Hist. Brit. Birds, i. p. 407 (1837). 



Corcan-coille, Beargan-fraoich, Gaelic ; Bouvreuil commun, French ; Bom-Fafe, Portuguese ; 

 Ciuffolotto, Italian ; Rothgimpel, Bompfaffe, Blutfink, German ; Goudvink, Dutch. 



Figures notabiles. 



D'Aubenton, PI. Enl. 145 ; Werner, Atlas, Granivores, pi. 33 ; Frisch, Vog. Deutschl. taf. 2 ; 

 Fritsch, Yog. Eur. taf. 22. figs. 1, 2; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. taf. Ill; Gould, B. of 

 Eur. pi. 209 ■ id. B. of G. Brit. iii. pi. 42 ; Schlegel, Vog. Nederl. pi. 174 ; Susemihl, Vog. 

 Eur. v. taf. 2. 



3 ad. pileo, genis et mento nitide nigris : dorso, scapularibus et tectricibus alarum minoribus caerulescenti- 

 cinereis : uropygio albo : renrigibus nigris, interioribus atro-violaceo nitentibus, intimo latere exteriore 

 rubro : tectricibus alarum majoribus nigris, pallide cinereo apicatis : cauda et supracaudalibus nigris, 

 atro-caeruleo nitentibus : gula, gutture et corpore subtiis miniato-rubro, abdomine imo et subcaudalibus 

 albis : rostro nigro, iride fusca, pedibus saturate fuscis. 



<3 ad. mari dissimilis : dorso fusco-cinereo, corpore subtus rufescenti- cinereo vix vinaceo tiucto, rostro 

 pallidiore. 



Adult Male (near London, 10th February) . Crown, nape, space round the eye, chin, and a narrow space all 

 round the base of the bill glossy black with a purplish gloss ; back, lesser wing-coverts, and scapulars 

 bluish ashy, the feathers on the rump broadly terminated with white, forming a conspicuous white 

 patch ; quills black, the primaries externally slightly glossed and the secondaries richly glossed with 

 bluish or purplish black, the innermost secondary with the outer web nearly all red; larger wing- 

 coverts black tipped with cinerous ; tail and upper tail-coverts black glossed with bluish purple ; under- 

 pays generally brick-red, becoming white on the lower abdomen, the under tail-coverts being pure 



