112 



B. of G. B. iii. pi. xliv. ; Bp. & Schl. Mon. Lox. pis. 11, 12 ; Wils. Am. Orn. pi. 5 ; Aud. 

 B. of Am. pi. 358; Richards. Faun. Bor.-Am. pi. 53; Vieillot, Galerie, pi. 53. 



d ad. capite, codo, pectore, hypochondriis, dorso et uropygio Isete coccineis : uropygio et capite lsetioribus et 

 clarioribus, plumis omnibus ad basin plumbescenti-schistaceis : dorsi plumis versus apicem brun- 

 nescenti-schistaceis et coccineo marginatis : remigibus nigricantibus, primariis in pogonio externo 

 pallide rubro, et secundariis albido marginatis : tectricibus alarum majoribus et medianis valde albo 

 apicatis : tectricibus alarum minoribus nigricanti-schistaceis caerulescente scbistaceo apicatis et coccineo 

 lavatis : cauda, nigro-fusca, rectricibus fere omnibus vix sordide rubro marginatis : pennis setosis ad 

 basin rostri, loris et regione oculari nigricantibus : abdomine centralis tectricibus alarum inferioribus et 

 subcaudalibus caerulescenti-schistaceis, his albido apicatis : rostro corneo, ad basin mandibulse inferioris 

 pallidiore : pedibus nigro-fuscis : iride fusca,. 



$ ad. mari dissimdis : capite, nucha, uropygio et pectore aurantiacis vix virescente tinctis nee coccineis : dorsi 

 plumis aurantiaco terminatis : alis, cauda, et corpore imo subtus ut in mare coloratis sed aurantiaco nee 

 coccineo notatis. 



Adult Male (Stockholm, 16th January). Head, neck, breast, back, and rump rich light carmine-red, the 

 feathers being slaty blue on the basal portion, this colour showing through here and there ; the head, 

 neck, and rump much the richer-coloured ; the dorsal feathers slaty brown towards the tip, and only 

 edged with red, which gives the back the appearance of being marked with semdunar dark patches ; 

 quills blackish brown, the primaries edged on the outer web with pale red, and the secondaries margined 

 with white; larger and median wing-coverts broadly tipped with white; smaUer wing-coverts and 

 scapulars dark slaty black, edged with slaty blue and slightly washed with red; upper tad-coverts 

 blackish slate, tipped with white, washed with red; tad blackish brown, the major portion of the 

 feathers narrowly edged with dull red ; the short stiff feathers on the forehead, at the base of the bid, 

 lores, and space round the eye dull blackish ; centre of the abdomen, under wing-coverts, and under 

 tad-coverts slate-blue; the under wing-coverts slightly washed with red; flanks like the breast rich 

 carmine ; under tail-coverts tipped with white ; bill dull horn, the under mandible light-coloured at 

 the base; legs blackish brown; iris dark brown. Total length about 9 inches, culmen 0"7, wing 435, 

 tad 37, tarsus - 9. 



Adult Female (Christiania, November) . Resembles the male, except that, wherever in the male the plumage 

 is red, it is rich golden yellow with an apple-green tinge in the female ; but this colour is but slightly 

 present on the rump or lower flanks. 



Young Female (Musquash, New Brunswick, December) . Resembles the old female ; but the yeUow portion 

 of the plumage is duder in colour, is almost confined to the crown, nape, and rump, being but very 

 slightly scattered over the back and the breast, and is just washed with dull apple-green. 



Young Male (Nerepis Valley, New Brunswick, December 14). Resembles the young female, but is rather 

 more tinged with yellow on the underparts, and on the crown and rump one or two red feathers are 

 just appearing. 



Nestling {fide Meves). Resembles the female, but is of a more dirty greenish grey; head and rump washed 

 with greenish yeUow; larger wing-coverts and the three innermost secondaries with a narrow whitish 

 border, the median coverts tipped with grey ; quills and tail-feathers not fully developed. 



This, one of the most strikingly beautiful of the Arctic birds, inhabits the high northern portions 

 of both the Old and New World, only migrating southward when driven down by the rigours of 



