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arborea has bred in Stirlingshire once there is no doubt, and that it has bred oftener there is 

 every reason to believe, though unfortunately there is no corroborative evidence of its having 

 actually done so on more than one occasion. In 1863 I took four eggs in Torwood, about two miles 

 from our house, and satisfied myself at the time of the bird's identity. Before that date I had 

 also seen the bird in Torwood ; but since then, having almost invariably been from home during 

 the nesting-season, and not having any sufficiently reliable person to search for the nest in my 

 absence, I have neither seen the birds nor again procured the nest, although one containing four 

 eggs was brought in by our gamekeeper's son, which I believed to be those of Alauda arborea. 

 I quote the following note from my 'Egg-Book' in reference to the above capture: — 'The bird 



scuttled away along the ground from the nest from almost beneath my feet On taking wing 



it flew away into the wood. The nest was placed in the face of a sloping bank in a " ride " in 

 the wood.' Mr. Robert Gray has seen this species also at the Bridge of Allan, in the same 

 county, as mentioned in his 'Birds of the West of Scotland' (p. 124), and it has been observed 

 in various other parts of Scotland. I am not aware, however, that any other eggs beside the 

 above have been procured." 



In Norway, Mr. R. Collett informs us, it is found in. the most southern and south-eastern 

 districts, as in Aremark, Edsberg, and at Fredrikshald, where it is tolerably numerous. At 

 Christiania it is rare, but is found there annually, and breeds in certain favourable localities, as 

 on the open parts bordered by fir-woods above Riis, Gaustad, and Haugerud, and at Fornebo 

 and Nsesodden. It arrives in April, in flocks of eight or ten individuals. Professor Rasch has 

 observed it late in September. In Sweden it is found in the southern portion of the country, 

 but, according to Professor Sundevall, ranges only as high as Gene, where Dresser also met with 

 it. Nilsson, on the other hand, places its northern limit at the island of Gottland, where it is 

 rare. It has been met with breeding in Skane, where it arrives in March and leaves again in 

 September. In Finland it is not a common bird ; but, according to Von Wright, a few appear 

 every spring near Helsingfors, and leave after a stay of a week or two ; however, in the autumn 



o 



it has not been observed. It breeds at Uskela, in Abo Lan. Dresser never observed it during 

 his stay in that country. With regard to its range in Russia, Mr. Sabanaeff writes to us that it is 

 found throughout Central Russia, but more often seen during migration. It breeds in Kazan 

 and Simbirsk, and, according to Cherkazo, in the Government of Kharkoff, as also in that of 

 Kieff, as stated by Kessler. Sabanaeff did not observe it on the Ural, but considers that it may 

 be met with on the western slope. Eversmann found it breeding in the Governments of Kazan 

 and Viatka ; but Meshakoff records it as rare in the Government of Vologda. Meves only 

 observed it once near Schlusselburg. 



On the northern coasts of Germany and in the Baltic provinces it is not a common bird ; 

 and Naumann even refers to it as not occurring there. However, Mr. Hintz refers to it as a 

 regular summer visitor to Pomerania, arriving in March and remaining to breed. It has been 

 known to occur thus far north in the winter season ; and Mr. Taczanowski writes that he has 

 twice seen this Lark in Poland during the winter — on one occasion in January, when the bird was 

 observed for several days on the outskirt of a wood at Lubartow, and rose singing in the air 

 during the time the sun was shining, as if it were spring, although the ground was covered with 

 snow. As regards its occurrence in Denmark, Mr. Benzon writes to us as follows : — " In 



