388 



Vog. Deutschl. taf. 99. figs. 2, 3 ; Sundevall, Sv. Fogl. pi. 8. fig. 3 ; Gould, B. of Eur. 

 pi. 164; id. B. of G. B. iii. pi. 18; Schlegel, Vog. Nederl. pi. 150; Audubon, I.e.; 

 Wilson, I. e, 



6 ad. ptil. cest. fronte, superciliis, mento et gula et regione circum maculam nigrani in facie laterali albis vix 

 sulphureo tinctis : pileo antico, loris et macula magna in facie laterali per et infra oculos cum pelta 

 pectorali magna, nigris, plumis nigris in pilei lateribus elongatis : pileo postico, nucha et corpore supra 

 rufescenti-vinaceis, illis fere immaculatis : dorsi plumis cum scapularibus centraliter brunneo notatis : 

 remigibus fuscis vix grisescente albido marginatis et apicatis, remige extimo in pogonio externo fere 

 toto albo : supracaudalibus rufescentibus : rectricibus duabus centralibus rufescenti-fuscis centraliter 

 saturate fuscis, reliquis nigricantibus versus apicem vix albido marginatis, rectrice extima in pogonio 

 extimo fere ad basin alba : corpore subtus albo, hypochondriis rufescente lavatis et fusco striatis : rostro 

 nigricante, mandibula ad basin sordide griseo : pedibus nigricantibus : iride fusca. 



? ad. ptil. cest. mari similis, sed sordidior, pileo brunneo nigro-fusco striato et vix nigro notato. 



Ptil. Mem. ubique sordidior, dorso brunneo nee rufescenti-vinaceo : pilei plumis valde flavicante brunneo 

 marginatis : gula, gutture et facie laterali flavicante lavatis, pelta, pectorali minus extensa, et macula 

 nigra in facie laterali flavicante notata. 



Adult Male in summer (North Cape, 25th June) . Forehead and a line over the eye, chin, throat, hinder 

 portion of tbe auriculars, and portion bordering the facial patch very pale sulphur-yellow or white, with 

 a yellowish tinge : fore part of the crown, lores, and a large facial patch extending through and behind 

 the eye and down the sides of the upper neck, together with a large shield extending over the lower 

 part of the neck and upper breast, jet-black ; feathers on the sides of the crown above the eye elongated, 

 forming a tuft on each side ; crown from the centre, nape, back, rump, and scapulars pale brownish red, 

 greyer on the nape, and redder on the rump and upper tail-coverts ; dorsal feathers and scapulars with 

 dusky brown centres; quills dark brown, margined and tipped with greyish white, the first primary 

 with almost the whole of the outer web white; wing-coverts pale reddish brown, also with whitish 

 margins and tips ; the two central rectrices reddish brown, with dark brown centres, the remaining 

 tail-feathers black, the outermost having the outer web nearly to the base white, the rest being 

 narrowly edged with whitish at the tip ; lower part of the breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts 

 white; flanks reddish brown, slightly streaked with darker brown, on the upper flanks the reddish 

 colour extending towards the middle of the breast ; bill greyish black, the base of the lower mandible 

 dull greyish ; legs blackish ; iris dark brown. Total length about 7 inches, culmen 065, wing 4*0, 

 tail 2 - 8, tarsus 0"88, hind toe with claw - 6, hind claw 035. 



Adult Female. Resembles the male, but is duller in colour, and the black on the crown is replaced by 

 brown feathers with blackish striations, and the white forehead is similarly obscured. 



Male in winter (Salthouse, Norfolk, November). Is much duller and browner than the male above 

 described ; the black on the crown is hidden by the yellowish brown tips to the feathers ; the upper 

 parts are wood-brown in tinge, without the pale reddish tinge which pervades the summer dress ; the 

 crown is tinged with sulphur-yellow; the black facial mark and the pectoral shield are smaller in 

 extent, the former marked with sulphur-yellow ; and the throat and portions of the head and neck, 

 which in summer are yellowish white, are now primrose-yellow. 



Nestling. Crown, sides of the head, nape, back, and scapulars blackish brown, marked with round spots of 



