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Europe, being, however, most frequently met with in severe weather. I have usually found it 

 frequenting stubbles or fallow land, and especially places where small patches were left bare of 

 snow ; and in the early spring I saw it in damp places in the lowlands. Like the other Larks it 

 appears to feed almost entirely on grain and seeds of various descriptions, and I several times 

 watched individuals searching after seeds in some old stubble-fields where very little snow was 

 left. When on the wing they much resemble the Sky-Lark, and it is not easy to distinguish 

 them at some distance from that bird. The breeding-range in Europe is limited to the extreme 

 north-eastern portion; and although it has been stated (Ibis, 1863, p. 477) to have bred on the 

 island of Arran, and its nest is said (Zool. 1852, p. 3707) to have been found near Exmouth, 

 neither of these instances appears to me to be worthy of credit. Pastor Sommerfelt, writing on 

 its habits and nidification in East Finmark, says " it occurs commonly, arriving generally early 

 in May, but in early springs before that. In the spring it seeks its food in low places, where 

 springs or the damp causes the snow to thaw early. During the summer it is found in dry, 

 sandy localities, even where there is but little grass. It places its nest both in the vicinity of the 

 sea (as, for instance, at Angnses) and also far from it, and does not always build amongst the 

 grass or moss, but also on the ground amongst the fallen leaves of small birch-bushes. It breeds 

 at Gamvik and Berlevaag, on the shores of the Arctic Ocean. Its nest is constructed of straws, 

 and I have never seen one lined with feathers. Its three to five eggs are generally yellow or 

 yellowish grey, with blue-grey and brown spots, which often collect and form a ring round the 

 egg at the thick end. It forsakes its nest and eggs if one merely touches the latter. It some- 

 times has two broods; thus the eggs have been found at Mortensnses on the 12th May and in 

 July. On the other hand it has never been found breeding as late as August, when Malm visited 

 Varanger. The name Sandlcerke, stated by Malm to be used in East Finmark, has not been 

 heard of by either Nordvi or myself. Its Lapp name is worthy of notice, it being called by 

 those Lapps who take notice of birds (and there are not few who do so) Muoscha alap (Russian 

 Snow-Bunting), as it comes to East Finmark from the east, and may often be observed amongst 

 the Snow-Buntings in the spring." Mr. Robert Collett, who has also found it breeding in West 

 Finmark, says (Orn. of Norway, p. 33) "in certain parts it is as numerous in West as in East 

 Finmark. I found it in the summer of 1872 in all favourable localities on the shores of the 

 Porsanger fiord, and even at Gjsesvser, west of the North Cape. It prefers the surface of barren 

 granite rocks thinly covered with grass or lichens, or half-naked boulders. At Vadso they are 

 common in the streets of the town and in the sandy churchyard, and even breed on Reno, 

 near Vardo. On the island of Tamso I observed them repeatedly searching for food close to 

 the houses, amongst the heaps of refuse." In a letter just received he writes, "it arrives in 

 Finmark early in May, and is a very early breeder, eggs being sometimes found about the middle 

 of May; and a nest I found on the 19th June, 1874, near Kistrand, on the Porsanger fiord, 

 contained four young birds at least a week old. Its nest is constructed of dry grass bents, and 

 is a tolerably loose structure ; and the eggs are placed on a soft bed of the pappus or cotton-like 

 substance which is found on Saussurea alpina or Salix lanata. The nest above referred to was 

 placed on the ground, amongst the whitish Claclonia rancjiferina and a little Empetrum, in the 

 most sterile portion of the fiord." I have the nest and eggs of this Lark from the Varanger fiord, 

 taken on the 1st July : the former answers the description given by Pastor Sommerfelt, being a 



