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Naalsoe. It has not been recorded from Norway ; but Sundevall states that it occasionally visits 

 Sweden, and has even been met with in Lapland. He writes that eight specimens have occurred 

 in Sweden at various times during the last thirty years. It has been met with at least once in 

 Finland, as there is a specimen in the Helsingfors Museum obtained near Abo. Mr. Sabanaeff 

 does not record it from Northern Eussia ; but it occurs as far north as Saratoff. Borggreve writes 

 that it has not unfrequently been met with in North Germany during the summer. Most have 

 been shot in Silesia; according to Naumann a male was caught near Halle in 1827. It has 

 repeatedly occurred on Heligoland ; and Gatke writes that from eight to ten w r ere obtained there 

 between the middle of July and the middle of August 1855. 



Mr. Fischer informs me that one was shot at Brondshoi, in Denmark, on the 22nd of 

 November, 1866 ; and Schlegel refers to two instances of its occurrence in Holland — one at 

 Haarlem on the 14th of July, 1856, and another near the village of Erzinge, in the province 

 Groningen. It has also, Baron von Droste writes, occurred at Norderney, in East Friesland, in 

 1856. Godron writes that it has been obtained near Metz; and Degland and Gerbe state that 

 it sometimes occurs in considerable numbers in the spring migrations in the south of France. 

 Jaubert and Barthelemy-Lapommeraye write that in Provence immature specimens are obtained 

 nearly every year, whilst old birds do not make their appearance so frequently ; but when they 

 do, they are invariably in breeding-plumage. In Spain, Mr. Howard Saunders writes, it is "a 

 rare visitant, though it has several times occurred on the east coast, and once near Seville." 



Passing eastward we find it in Italy. Both Savi and Salvadori record the occurrence of this 

 species, which at one time or another has. been obtained in almost every province of Italy ; and in 

 June 1871 the latter saw two flocks, and succeeded in shooting one specimen ; many others were 

 also obtained during the same month. I am also indebted to the Marquis Doria for two speci- 

 mens obtained at Genoa. In Sicily and in Sardinia it has occurred at rare intervals ; and 

 Mr. C. A. Wright, writing on the birds of Malta, states that " this elegant species is rare here, 

 and visits us very irregularly. Examples have been taken in spring, autumn, and winter. A 

 specimen was killed on the 7th of August, 1855, at Citta Vecchia, the old capital of the island ; 

 and since then three or four others have been obtained — three of them at the Marsa, at the head 

 of the Grand Harbour ; the fourth was a bird of the year, which I purchased in the market in 

 the first week of November 1858. Since then I have not seen any others." Lord Lilford met 

 with it at Corfu, where, he writes, " they arrive occasionally in great numbers, early in June, and 

 haunt the orchards, feeding almost entirely on mulberries. In 1857 very few visited the island, 

 and I only obtained one specimen ; but in June 1858 the mulberry-gardens were full of them for 

 some days, and I obtained specimens in abundance and in all their different states of plumage. 

 As far as my own observation goes, they are not easily approached, and have the same habit as the 

 Golden Oriole, of remaining motionless amongst the thick foliage, allowing the tree in which they 

 are concealed to be shaken or beaten without stirring. These birds remain only a few days on 

 the island, and are well known to the Corfiote peasantry by the name of ' Mulberry-eaters,' 

 aKapvo<j)ayoi." And, according to Lindermayer and Von der Miihle, it " occurs irregularly in 

 Greece, small flocks appearing in May, and again passing south in August;" but it has never 

 been found breeding in that country, though Lindermayer observed it on the islands in June 

 and July. 



