98 Mr, Verchére on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 2, 
which is well seen close to the ruin. It is divided into somewhat 
prismatic blocks by joints; it is generally compact, but sometimes 
Scoriaceous, and it appears to have had some influence on the cooling 
of the felstone above and below it, this being much more compact 
near the trachy-dolerite, and becoming gradually more laminated and 
slaty as we get further off. I cannot say whether the trachy-dolerite is 
intrusive, or interbedded; but it is perfectly conformable to the felstone. 
7. At Ori, we find a small valley sunk between high mountains 
and crossed by a tolerably big ravine and by a torrent flowing from 
the 8. E. to N. W. This torrent divides the hills on the 8. W. which 
are miocene sandstones and shales, from the mountains on the H. and 
N. HE. which are volcanic. The Jheelum describes a semi-circle 
round the extremity of the Kiren range, the beds of which cross the 
river to be continued with those of the Kandi or Kanda Range, which 
are the link between the Kirna Range and the Pir Punjal Chain. The 
river runs for a little while between the volcanic rocks of the Kirna 
and the miocene sandstones, but it very soon leaves this bed, and 
cutting a canal through the tertiary sandstones and clays, bids farewell 
for ever to rocks of a volcanic origin. 
8. Iwill not enter into a description of the tertiaries in this 
paper, though we shall have to see much of them incidentally, but 
as it has been said and written by many persons that the miocene sand- 
stones and clays dip under the volcanic felstone (generally described as 
metamorphic schists or quartzose mica-slate), I must correct the error, 
while we are at Ori. Both the volcanic and miocene beds are nearly 
vertical, but not quite, and dip northernly, and there is therefore an 
appearance of the miocene dipping under the felstone. On examin- 
ing the high bank of the Jheelum, however, not far fromthe fort, I 
could see the miocene beds bend backwards, thus showing that they 
FELSTONE 
Ti 7 
TERBACE 
R, JHEELUM 
ORL FORT 
fig. 1. 
are superior to the voleanic rocks, but have been dressed up against 
them by a lateral pressure. The diagram (fig. 1.) shows well the folded 
