110 Mr. Verchére on the Geology of Kashmir, [No, 2, 
Chamberlain. The General himself, in one of his dispatches, describes 
some of the hills as “ granite,” putting a note of interrogation after the 
word, and thus showing that the granitoid rock he noticed was 
sufficiently peculiar in its appearance to make it doubtful whether it 
was really a granite. From specimens of the mountains near the Pass, 
kindly given to me by Dr. Costello, I have no doubt that the 
so-called granite is one of the varieties of porphyry described in 
paragraph 12. It passes into a felstone composed of very elongated 
and large spindles of opaque, dirty white, and somewhat granular 
felspar and bluish semi-translucent glassy felspar, and in the 
spare felspathic paste which cements the spindles together, a few 
irregular grains are seen of a mineral having a metallic golden lustre, 
and which is probably Diallage or Bronzite. The rock has a great 
resemblance to, and is indeed identical with, the most compact sort of 
felstone seen at Baramoola. Bands of quartzite, of which I have 
seen very beautiful specimens as clear as Wenham lake ice, are also 
extensively developed, as well as enormous masses of compact gypsum 
and tabular selenite. 
Dr. Bellew, in his ‘ Report on the Yusufzaies,” describes a variety 
of voleanic rocks occurring in the ranges which separate British 
Yusufzaie from Chumla, Buneyr and Swat: “ Feldspar grit’ and 
99 06 
‘various combinations of mica and felspar, porphyry in a yariety 
of forms,” “ trap-rock in great variety,” quartz, mica and clay-slate, 
hornblende-rock, felspar-rock and amygdaloid; “ hard trap’ (green- 
stone?) ‘‘loose, friable and crumbling” ditto. (ash?) He also de- 
scribes granite and gneiss; but he adds that the gneiss is quarried for 
mill-stones, and, if these mill-stones, (which is very likely) are similar 
to the mill-stones of Jellalabad, they are a coarse gneissoid felstone, 
and not a gneiss. The granite again is a whitish rock, and we find 
it connected with and surrounded by, rocks undoubtedly volcanic. 
T have no hesitation therefore in regarding it as a granitoid porphyry, 
similar to that of the Kaj Nag. A great deal of slate and “ primative 
limestone’’ is also mentioned in these mountains. 
Dr. Bellew concludes that these hills are “all of primitive and 
metamorphic rocks ;” but the list of rocks he gives, proves conclusively 
that they are of volcanic origin. 
These volcanic beds in Yusuizaie are capped, in some places, by beds of 
