1866. ] the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 127 
and forming arches along the strike. This curvature of course falsi- 
fies the dip on both fianks of the hill, the dip becoming northern on 
the south eastern flank of the spur, and south east on the other 
flankk. 
The lowest portion of the spur forms a little mound on which may be 
seen the remains of a gigantic Buddhist figure. The figure is that of 
a woman, but it is now prostrate and headless. It is a huge block of 
limestone. There are many other Buddhist remains at Pandrettan, 
all built of that rock: amongst others, a small temple in a tank is 
well worthy of a visit. 
From Pandrettan to Panchhooka, we have a succession of thick 
beds of dark basalt, cleaved and jointed but never columnar, and 
greenstone and amygdaloid, with a few beds of compact ash 
containing oval nodules of augite. The basalt is the only rock 
which has not been described before. It is best seen in a little spur 
which descends to the Jheelum, hardly half a mile east of the 
Buddhist figure on the little knoll. It has sometimes a very black 
and conchoidal fracture, and at other times a pale pitch and bluish 
colour, It breaks into prismatic blocks which are quarried at the 
place where the spur hangs over the river. It does not appear 
to be amygdaloidal, but the greenstone into which it passes is 
sparingly so, the geodes being large and filled with quartz. It is 
difficult to ascertain the stratification or superposition, owing to the 
well marked cleavages and joints, but by observing the beds of com- 
pact ash occasionally met with, it is found to be easterly at a very 
high angle with the horizon. All the way from the stone quarry, at 
Alwajin, to that portion of the village of Panchhooka, designated on. 
the map as “‘ Large Cheenar Trees,” there is a succession of these beds, 
but the angle of dip diminishes gradually as we travel eastwards and 
is only 45° at Panchhooka. There we find the following beds :— 
A slaty basalt, dark and heavy, dipping to the EH. a few degrees S. at an 
angle of 45° with the horizon. It has a cleavage dipping due W. with an angle 
of 45°, and vertical joints striking S.W.—N. H, It is succeeded by a coarse 
trap, a sort of trachyte showing a certain amount of crystallization, the 
rock haying a granitoid or rather gneissoid appearance. The augite and the 
glassy felspar are the only minerals tolerably crystalline, the remainder 
being a paste which is sometimes nearly white, or yellow and rough; 
sometimes greenish-grey and conchoidal in fracture, or blue, indigo-blue and 
