130 Mr. Verchére on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 2, 
15. Dark brown calcareo-ferruginous shales, exfoliating in thin plates and 
undergoing quick decay. It weathers nearly black. Extremely rich in 
Hars\S)IS hy pao aap aen eppieo DnoBedongbad parindodsODuicAosemebucardaoscbicr won savcdaonaasece, NO) Bh 
MG dalanes tome: Wecsih sin. waren tana, Renta tae Sac PAA a TE ae LO Bite 
17. Dark brown calcareo-ferruginous shale....,. Daa tes om he Sac aes 
TSA enime sbome ume 5 Gd0B sod0nalnae0songe don adoson00eC ei (9 3 
19. Sandy shales, very fend haste black; do not effervesce with acids ; 
Very richtin fossils iia. ees. sa hears Pee etain. we lel esis nacts Sep met 
20. Limestone; less coarse than preceding ; very fossiliferous. . 15 ft. 
21. Limestone; hard and arenaceous; separated by thin layers of shale 
which weather dark brown and appear in relief on the section of the 
bed... .... desonanaie nod b0nc80 a9 ueo0o000 ns s00204 aod uO HOD ObaSenAodoHBoDD ODESAO COKE 5 ft. 
Any further bed which may exist is concealed under Hboulis. 
22. When I first met with this bed of limestone, I was particularly 
delighted, as I had seen no limestone in Kashmir, except the huge 
carved blocks of the Buddhist ruins near Srinagar and at Pandrettan. 
T was told that the fine bluish-grey limestone of these ruins 
was no longer to be found in the country, and that nobody could 
guess whence the stone had been obtained. Even some of the Sur- 
veyors of the Kashmir Series, G. T. S. corroborated this opinion, 
which appears to be the received one amongst the natives. I could 
see at a glance that here I had the very stone, and in examining the. 
bed I came across the remains of an old quarry. I subsequently found 
some much larger Buddhist quarries of limestone, as we shall see by 
and bye. 
Misled by Mr. Vigne and Dr. A. Fleming, who, as I have said, 
stated that they obtained nummulites from the Kashmir valley, I 
began to look diligently for these foraminifers. I found indeed a few 
rounded bodies which might be taken either for nummulites or 
rings of crinoid stems. I did not at first hit on a very good 
portion of the bed for fossils; those I found were extremely weather- 
ed, and I could only pay flying visits to Zeeawan. But I tried onee 
more to discover nummulites, when lo! I came across a Productus ! 
The following genera were found to be abundant: Productus, 
Athyris, Orthis, Strophomena or Leptena, and Spirifers amongst 
the Brachiopods. Very few lamellibranchiates and gasteropods 
were seen, but an immense number of Bryozoa, especially two or 
three genera of Fenestellides—viz. Acanthocladia and Fenestella and 
