1866.] the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 177 
Orthide, etc. It is fruch fractured and fissured, and is evidently but the rem- 
nant of larger beds removed by denudation, It dips 8. S. W. 50° and it is 
UIA econ cesrcloisisislc eiicis us sisis ele siersitisics siairid vaciele’ ceiceslesla nels seas 25 ft. 
Any further beds which may exist are covered by the lacustrine deposit, 
which is here 150 feet above the level of the Jheelum. 
The Sheri Bal is a small mountain close to the Kamlawan, 
to which it is united by a connecting ridge. It is entirely composed 
of the same semi-columnar trachy-dolerite which forms the bulk of 
the Kamlawan. The compact, smooth, grey, laterite or baked clay- 
stone, described in the section as No. 2 and 4, is seen extending on the 
flank of the hill, both to the west and to the east. It forms a conspicu- 
ous belt along the side of the Sheri Bal, appearing, from the high 
angle of its dip, to rest against the trachy-dolerite. Some of the 
volcanic and azoic rocks, described in the section of the Kamlawan 
as superior to the laterite, were seen on the slopes of the Sheri Bal, 
but no limestone ayas observed, it having probably been denuded. 
43. Crossing the valley of the Lidar River, we find the next 
mountains to be the Hapatikri and Saijnarh group. The whole of 
this system of hills appears to be composed of limestone. It is 
continued to the S. W. by a low ridge, which is mostly buried under 
lacustrine deposits, but rises above these at Islamabad, forming 
a small hill at the foot of which the town is built. 
The following section (fig. 8) will, I hope, give a good idea of the 
rocks composing these hills. The section is above the celebrated Tank 
of Mutton, near which locality the lacustrine deposit is about 120 feet 
thick. Above the lacustrine we find : 
1. A limestone, coarse arenaceous and apparently much metamorphosed. 
It contains hardly any trace of fossils, excepting very crystalline rounded 
bodies which are altered stems of crinoids. The rock is divided into sub-beds 
by shaly or clayey partings, which are very false-bedded and very hard. Only 
a few feet of this rock appear above the lacustrine. 
2. limestone, jointed and cleaved; but hard specimens have a remarkably 
compact, smooth appearance, like hornstone. 
These 2 beds dip H. N. BH. 20°. 
3. The bed No, 2 becomes gradually bluer and more argillaceous and less 
cleayed ; towards the top of the bed it is the patchy blue and brownish rock 
which we have seen before repeatedly. It contains traces of fossils, but no 
shells sufficiently well preserved to be recognized. Jt has an enormous thick- 
