1866. | the Western Himalaya and Afghan Mountains. 181 
sufficiently proved by the shape of the boulders, these being rounded 
and ovoid in form, and not worn into the flat lenticular stones which are 
found on the beach of lakes, and which are so much appreciated by 
persons fond of making “ ducks and drakes in the water.” 
45. I have said before that a spur of the Hapatikri extends to 
Islamabad, concealed under the lacustrine plateau (see fig. 8,) for 
a few miles, but appearing as a small hill over the town. The 
following is a section of this Islamabad Hill, from the §. W. to the 
N. H., beginning with the lowest strata exposed to view. The general 
dip of the beds of this hill is N. Hasterly. 
1. Marly limestone; bright blue; debris of fossils,..... daanaonddo 15 ft 
2, IDM@ CHO B Tplaullee) B 10K) KOSISIIIS, Gy oddconocondodepboDoAsdooaouCe sadoo © AU) 18, 
3. Ditto ditto; grey; often reddish. ree number of Foraminifere 
forming ochrous bands in the rock, 2. ........4 eee adooooso00g dl 3th 
4, Arenaceous, dark grey limestone, divided me Sa of shaly pale- 
yellow limestone, very false-bedded and very thin. Rich in the debris of fossils, 
but very few in a good state of preservation, ,.......... anodoumononso obo) Ay din 
These four beds dip N. HE. 15°. 
5. Limestone having a slaty cleavage and joints, white or pale grey, cheriy 
in appearance, Fossils very numerous, but in comminuted fragments, 10 ft. 
6. Marly, yellow, limestone. It is often flesh-coloured, and then shaly in 
appearance and weathering with a rough pitted surface,............... 2 ft. 
47, Jimestone like 4; full of the debris of fossils,...... noocca coo dodtoo |) = 2b Fs 
8. Limestone, brown and cherty; debris of fossils,........0.ccec0ss 5 dle Ri 
9. Very pale blue limestone, often white ; very hard and rough; weathers 
rugose like frosted glass. Thin and false-bedded ; fragmentary shells, 15 ft. 
10. Sandstone; yellowish white or greyish-white, .................... 6 incheg 
11, Coarse, gritty limestone, full of the debris of fossils; great abun- 
dance of Foraminifere, crinoid stems, Pusus (?) and fragments of a smalk 
60000 000000000 sscesves & fhe 
12. Marly, dark grey- saa Ret nos 5 ee aes ooov00sco¢00 «Iti 
[SIRIKYE) cagon pad podnes tee ase oouKdd 
extent as it is now, and that the valley then became populated. The lakes, how- 
ever, began to fill up again, and the whole of the valley was again converted into 
one immense lake. This in its turn was tapped and dr fined to its present 
state. The earthquake, which broke up the barrier or dam at Baramoola, is 
reported by tradition to have been the beneficient act of the Hindoo god 
Kashyapa. The Mahomedans, however, say that it is Kashaf, Solomon’s 
minister, who performed the wonderful work, and it is very pr obable that both 
Hindoo and Musulmans borrowed the tradition from earlier inhabitants. 
I hope to be able to prepare before long a paper “ On the Lacustrine deposits 
of Kashmir,” in which the proofs of two successive lakes having existed will 
be given in detail. See also my note to para 9, page 100, 
