198 Mr. Verchére on the Geology of Kashmir, [No. 3, 
Masses, Beds, &c. &c. Fossils. Conditions indicated. 
For- 
mation 
ORGANISMS APPEAR. 
[ a. Crystallime limestone, Few. Open sea coast, not very deep. 
coarse and with very 
few fossils. 
b. Massive limestone, gra-| Productus, |Open sea coast. About 50 fa- 
nular, or crystalline. |Orthis, Spiri-| thoms. 
| fera, Fenes- 
tellide, Or- 
thoceras. 
0 
c. Ferruginous calcareous|Same fossils. |Sea coast, not distant. Heavy 
| brown shales. water-fall on Volcanic islands. 
| |d. Dark sandy shales. Same fossils. [Sea coast, not distant. Drift 
| near shore. Heavy water-fall 
| on Volcanic islands. 
LJje. Limestone, shaly, with|Same fossils;|Sea becoming shallow; shore 
shaly partings. no Bryozoa. shelving and drifty. 
Thickness = 200—250. 
B. Zmeawan Bev. 
a INES 
FAUNA CHANGES. 
(\a. Shaly and sandy lime-| Encrinites; |Shallow shelving, coast line. 
| stone. small 
bivalves ; 
| Debris. 
| b. Black argillaceous lime-| Debris. Shallow sea between islands. 
stone. 
| jc. Altered, amygdaloidal)None or mere| Local voleanic action ; geyserian 
| limestone. traces. bursts of water or vapours. 
a | Earthquakes. 
fq | \d. Flesh-colored limestone; Anthiacosia, |Proximity of land; banks and 
= | with lenticular beds of} Aviculo-pec- shallows on a shelving coast- 
= 1 pale blue, nearly fria- tens. line. 
la ble limestone. Pectens. 
E | Solenopsis. 
5 | 
| |e. Thin-bedded, argillace-| Goniatites. |Slow formation of fine silt in 
| ous limestone, break- well protected creeks. 
ing in slabs. 
. Shaly, muddy, very fee- 
tid limestone, with gre-| Cyrtia and |Warm, damp and shallow sea, 
garious fossils. small swamps, teeming with life. 
Terebratule. 
g- Argillaceous and arena-| Debris of |Very shallow sea-shore ; sublit- 
ceous limestone pale-] small thin toral oscillations; frequent 
less blue and yel-| bivalves. freshes of fresh water carry- 
low. Roots of ing mud to the sea. 
plants. 
ie =¢j— 
