18 The Ethnology of India. 
(whom on this theory we may suppose to have been the latest comers) 
occupy just the area which would tally with such a mode of immigra- 
tion. 
In physical appearance I would divide Indian Arians into two 
classes, as far as we can call that a division which is only a question of 
degree. The people of the extreme north, the pure Arians, large, fair, 
high-featured, I shall call “ High-Arian” in type. The prominence 
and beauty of their features is remarkable. ‘The brow is remarkably 
high and well shaped; the nose connected by a high bridge with the 
high brow is also well shaped, sometimes straight, more often 
slightly curved ; the eyes are very fine, the lips thin, mouth of a good 
shape, the beard long and full. The type once seen cannot be mistaken. 
The prominence of the brow in adults somewhat conceals the eye, but 
in the children it is something marvellous. On the other hand, the 
more subdued features, more frequently approaching a low and snub- 
nosed type, and resembling those which are common among the lower 
classes in Europe, are in India generally accompanied by a shorter 
(but still pretty robust) form, a skin darker (but still more brown than 
black), and an appearance altogether inferior, but yet not aboriginal in 
its style. This I shall call the ‘‘ Low-Arian” type. 
In addition to the two main divisions, of aborigines, and modern 
Indians, I propose to put under a third division, those whom I shall 
generally describe as ‘‘ Borderers,” that is, the tribes on the borders, 
whose blood and manners show the influence of immigrants of races 
other than those already noticed. These meet and mix with the 
native populations, and form some marked classes. On the West Coast 
there has been a considerable immigration of Arabs and others; the same 
has been the case in Lower Sinde. Along the whole line of the 
Himalayas, and on the whole of the Eastern Frontier, Turanian races 
meet the Indians. * 
Thus then I have three main classes :— 
1. Aborigines, 
2. Modern Indians, and 
3. Borderers. 
The 2nd are of course by far the largest and most important class. 
Besides making the distinction among modern Indians of high and 
low Arians, there are one or two other points which I would 
notice, before going into details. 
