The Ethnology of India. 43 
“There is no real difference between Bheels and Koolees; their habits, 
physiognomy and mode of life are the same, modified by local cireum- 
stances.” And the Rev. Mr. Dunlop Moore says, “‘ Koolees frequently 
marry Bheel wives.’ Other authorities, however, say that they do 
not intermarry. They both seem to claim a northern and not a southern 
origin, pointing to the hills of Rajpootana and the north of Goozerat. 
The Bheels say that they were originally called Kaiyos; Sir John 
Malcolm says that they are related to the Meenas of Rajpootana, and 
once ruled in the Jeypore country. Forbes again tells us that the 
Koolees were originally called Mairs; while in Rajpootana, Col. Tod 
speaks of Mairs or Meenas as one race. - 
The Rev. Mr. Dunlop says that, though these tribes speak the 
same languages as their neighbours, “certain words are universally 
recognised as peculiar to Koolees as well as Bheels.” He only 
istances one word written in a character which J can read, and that 
is ‘ Bhoroo’ or ‘ Bhooroo,’ the head. As I write, I have turned up the 
word head in Hodgson’s vocabularies, and find that the Kols, Santals, 
Bhumiz and Moondas use the word ‘ Bu,’ ‘ Buho’ or ‘ Bohw’ which 
seems to be the same word. The Dravidian words for head are entirely 
different. 
Tt would be in many ways very interesting and important to rescue 
any remains of aboriginal words or aboriginal dialects of these 
tribes, and especially to find whether among them can be traced any 
non-Aryan radicals of the Goozerattee, Maratta, and the Hindee dialects 
of Rajpootana. 
Though probably in the main of the same class and similar origin, 
the Koolees and Bheels ave now quite distinct tribes, and there is 
this considerable difference that the Koolees have come much more 
mto contact with Aryan blood and civilisation, are in appearance 
generally much more Hindooised than the others, and consider 
themselves altogether a higher class. As has been said, both tribes 
are now much scattered over many parts of the Presidency and in 
places a good deal intermixed, but their proper locale seems to be 
as follows. The Koolees are the Aborigines of Goozerat (where they 
now live in considerable number), and of the hills adjoining that 
Province. The hills east of Goozerat are called ‘ Kolwan’ and seem 
to be the property of Koolee tribes, just as in the Chota-Nagpore 
