The Ethnology of India. 101 
Of the races which I call in some respect pastoral, I will take first 
THE GooJars. 
They have been long known to us as cultivators of predatory pro- 
clivities in the country about Dehli, and after 50 years of enforced 
peace and quietness, they distinguished themselves by breaking out 
into wholesale plunder all over that district within a few hours of the 
out-break of the mutiny, just as if the present generation had been 
accustomed to it all their lives. However, we must take a wider 
survey, for the Goojars are a far extending people, numerous in the 
Punjab and on the Northern Frontier. In fact, they now extend 
farther to the North-West than any other Indian people. I understand 
that they are still numerous in Swat and the adjacent hills, and they 
are said to have been the original inhabitants and owners of part of 
the Hazareh District, on this side the Indus, before they were in great 
degree dispossessed by the Swattees, themselves pushed forward by 
the Affghans. In the hills about Kashmere the Goojars are very 
numerous ; and there more than anywhere else they have an actual 
pastoral character, being apparently somewhat vagrant in their habits, 
and at one season receiving the cattle of the Kashmeerees to graze, 
while at another they bring their own down for sale. Perhaps 
these are the Goojars who were dispossessed of their homes in 
Hazareh. It is supposed that in the event of any disturbance in 
Kashmere, they might visit the valley for other than pastoral purposes. 
Descending into the plains of the Punjab, we find the Goojars about 
Goojerat and the country thereabouts in very much better repute than 
elsewhere, in fact they are there said to be among the best cultivators. 
They are very numerous, settled in prosperous communities, and give, 
it appears, their name to the town and thence to the district of 
Goojerat. There might be some question whether the word is not 
the Persian one, ‘ Goozerat,’ 2. ec. ‘ Fords’ or ‘ Ferries,’ in allusion to 
the ferries over several rivers thereabouts, but I understand that it 
is really Goojerat from Goojar. And there are frequent names in 
the Punjab derived from the same source. In fact, Goojars are very 
much mixed with Jats in all the northern, if not in all the Jat 
country, and form a considerable proportion of the population. About 
Dehli they are, as I have said, very numerous, and they are so in the 
Meerut and Seharanpore Districts of the Doab. They are numerous 
