170 The ‘‘ Kols” of Chota-Nagpore. 
whilst the language of the Moondahs is soft and sonorous, that of the 
Oraons is guttural andharsh. Doctor Latham, in his descriptive ethnolo- 
gy, has noticed the near connection of the Oraon, Rajmahal hill and 
Tamul languages, and especially observes on the similarity of the 
personal pronouns. 
English. Rajmahal. Oraon. Tamul, ce 
I En En nam, Hn. 
Thou Nin Nin Nin 
He, she, it Ath As Ata 
We Nim Em , Nam 
Ye Nina Nim Nim 
They Awar . Ar Awar 
Out of a vocabulary of about 24 Oraon and Tamul words, I find 
the following analogues. 
English. Tamul. Tuda. Oraon. 
Man Al Al Al 
Hye Kam Kan Khan 
Tooth Pal Paroh Pulla 
But I find in the language now spoken by the Oraons, words of 
Sanscrit origin not in common use, as “‘ pwph,” flower, ‘‘ amb,” water, 
“kesh,” hair, indicative of their having occupied some country in 
common with people speaking a Sanserit or Prakrit dialect. 
The annexed notes on the language with which I have been favoured 
by the Rev. Frederic Batsch, senior Missionary at Ranchee, will, I 
hope, throw some light on the subject. The resemblance between the 
Oraon and Tamul language does not invalidate their own migratory 
traditions, for it is not more marked than the relation between the 
Tamul and the language of the Gonds and others. 
Their physical peculiarities are as different from those of the 
Moondah as are their linguistic characteristics. The Oroans must be 
regarded as a very small race, not short and squat like some of the 
Indo-Chinese stock, but a well proportioned small race. The young 
men and women have light graceful figures and are as active as 
monkies. Their complexions are, as a rule, of the darkest ; but if we 
take as our type those who dwell in mixed communities, we find great 
variety in feature and colour. If we take those who, living in isolated 
positions, may be supposed to offer us the purest blood, we find them 
