The “ Kols’”’ of Chota-Nagpore. 177 
Sulgi,* Pongla, Madhi, Makoo, Roomeea Saggi, Dinli; Natri, Akh, 
Bangi, Julli, and the Hindoo names of the days of the week are very 
commonly given. The following are the names of boys—Rumsi, Birsa, 
Somra, Daharoo, Singra, Satri, Dubroo, Doolkoo, Didoo, Runka, Biggoo. 
But they have adopted many foreign names, and the names of British 
officers they have known and esteemed, are thus preserved amongst 
the Hos of Singbhoom, and may be handed down from generation to 
generation. Thus “ Major” and “Captain” have become common 
names in the Colehan, originally taken from Major Roughsedge, the 
first British officer they ever saw, and Captain Wilkinson (now Col. 
Wilkinson) whom they regard as their greatest benefactor. Doctor, 
Tickell, &c. are also common. Girls, when three or four years of age, 
receive their mark of caste. Three lines tattooed on the forehead and 
two on each temple, four dots on the chin and one on the nose. It 
does not appear to be connected with any religious custom, nor is it 
applied with any ceremony, and as neither the Moondahs nor. the 
Oraons haye any particular term for it in their own language, it is, 
probable that they adopted it from the Sudhs or Hindoos. Some 
Moondah girls of Chota-Nagpore have different marks. Those of 
Singbhoom have adopted the arrow, appropriately enough, as the 
national weapon of their lords and masters. 
The Kheriahs and Juangas, though isolated from the Moondahs and 
Oraons, have the same triple and double marks on the forehead and 
temples. The Oraon boys are marked, when children, on the arms by 
rather a severe process of puncturation, which they consider it manly to 
endure. The only reason I have heard assigned for this custom is, that 
through it even the naked dead may have a distinguishing mark. 
When a girl approaches maturity, it is incumbent on her to bind 
up her hair, and from that period of her life she is restricted to food 
prepared by her own people. Asa child with her hair loose, she is 
permitted to partake of whatever is edible, no matter by whom prepared. 
Young men enjoy this liberty of appetite till they marry. They then, 
to use their own expression, put salt in their flesh, and must not 
partake of food prepared by aliens. The Oraons have a veneration 
for salt, and they are not absolutely prohibited from partaking of 
* A common name and also the name of a goddess, and the name, I see, of 
one of the young ladies from the Andaman Islands, 
