212 Indian Arachnoidea. [No. 4 



a very interesting paper of Mr. Lindemann in the Bull. Soc. Moscau 

 vol. xxxvii, pt. II, (p. 537). The author describes here the mus- 

 cular system with some detail, and points out how the Phalangia use 

 their two alternate pairs of feet when moving about. The paper is 

 important because this mode of muscular actions as well applies to 

 the largest number of other Arachnoidea. 



Koch in his " Uebersicht des Arachnidensystems," Niirnberg, 1839, 

 pt. II, referred the GAEEODiDiE and Phalangid^: to the order Solifugjh, 

 and the genera allied to the Phalangio^e he separated into 5 families 



TrOGULID^, SlBONIDiE, GoNYLEJ?TIDJ3, CoSMETIDiE and OpILIONID^E, 



the last named being equivalent to the present family Phalangid^e, 

 which have the last pair of feet similar to the others, the cheliceres 

 or palpi without spines, &c. 



The distinction of genera in this family is now principally based 

 upon the form of the thorax and the spines surrounding the eyes. 

 Strictly speaking they are to a great extent merely convenient 

 sections, for those characters pass so gradually one into the other, 

 that a strict generic definition, in the manner proposed by Koch, is 

 quite impossible. Koch's previous divisions of 12 genera is on the 

 contrary based upon the number of tarsal segments, and seems in some 

 respects preferable ; but it is scarcely necessary to say that no single 

 characters alone ought to be taken as leading in such cases. 



The English species of this family were monographed by Mr. R. H. 

 Meade (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1855, vol. xv, p, 393, with additions in 

 vol. vii, 1861, of the same Annals). Koch (Arachniden, vols, ii and 

 viii) described a large number of European and foreign species, but 

 only very few Asiatic, and hardly any Indian ones. 



GAGRELIA, Nov. gen. 

 Koch has proposed the genus Leiobunum to include those species 

 which have the edges of the eyes smooth, no processes on the palpi and 

 a short body with very long legs. To some other, apparently Asiatic 

 species with one horn on the abdomen and 25 segments of the 1st, 3rd 

 and 4th pair of feet, Koch gave (Arachniden vol. xvi) the name Acan- 

 thonotus, (see Koch's Uebers. d. Arach., pt. II, 1839), but this name has 

 already been applied in 1835 by Owen to an Amphipoden Crustacean. 

 It seems to me, however, that there is sufficient ground for a new generic 

 separation of the species with a spiny abdomen from Leiobunum, for in 



