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p. 289) found it " abundant in Sindh. Small parties were occasionally noticed the whole way 

 down the rivers Jhelum, Chenah, and Indus, from Khelum to Kurrachee ;" and he saw a few 

 also at the Muncher lake, and shot a male in almost full breeding-plumage at Muscat. Dr. 

 Jerdon writes (B. of India, ii. p. 861), " the large Cormorant of Britain is found throughout 

 India, is more rare towards the south, and is there chiefly found in rivers that run through 

 forest and hilly ground, but occasionally occurs in large tanks in the open country. In the 

 north of India it appears more common, especially in the well-watered province of Bengal, where 

 it chiefly frequents rivers, and on rivers within the Himalayas. It is rather strange that it is not 

 included in Gray's ' List of Hodgson's Nepal Birds.' It is very generally found in pairs or singly, 

 occasionally four or five together. I am not aware if it breeds in this country ; but it probably 

 does so in suitable spots." Mr. Ball records it from Chota Nagpur, Captain E. A. Butler from 

 Mount Aboo and Northern Guzerat ; and in Eastern Turkestan, Mr. J. Scully (Stray Feathers, 

 iv. p. 205) writes, " this Cormorant is, I believe, a permanent resident in Kashgharia — in the 

 plains. The first specimen was obtained on the banks of the Yarkand river, near Tarim Langar. 

 In the beginning of August I found these birds quite common at Tungtash, near Karghalik. 

 They were then nearly always seen in parties of five, sitting on the top of a mud cliff — often 

 thirty feet high — immediately overlooking the water below, one of the party acting as sentinel." 

 In Burmah, Mr. Oates says (Stray Feathers, v. p. 169), it " breeds in vast numbers in the Myilkyo 

 swamp, placing its nest in low, apparently dead, trees which rear their heads fifteen or twenty 

 feet above the water." 



In Siberia the Cormorant is found during the summer in the south-eastern portions of the 

 country. Von Schrenck says that it is to be met with not only on the sea-coast, but on the 

 Upper Amoor and Ussuri rivers ; and Dr. Radde states that directly the ice on the rivers breaks 

 up in the spring the Cormorants appear in great numbers, and he found them common on the 

 Selenga and Uda rivers, and breeding on rocks in two places on the western Baikal shores, viz. 

 on the Baklan rock and about twenty versts above the village of Goloustnaja. On the Upper 

 Amoor the Cormorant is rare. Mr. Taczanowski remarks that it is numerous in Dauria, and that 

 examples from the Argun river have the heads whiter than is the case with European birds. 



In Mongolia, Colonel Przevalsky writes (in Bowl. Orn. Misc.), large numbers Were seen on 

 Lake Dalai-nor in March, and in the Hoang-ho valley in April. At Koko-nor the first appeared 

 on the 12th March, and soon became abundant ; but very few pairs remained there to breed. 

 Early in March they arrived at Lake Hanka, and were numerous about the middle of that month 

 on the Sungatch. Not being molested by man, the Cormorants were very tame in Mongolia and 

 the Ussuri country. Mr. Swinhoe found it throughout China and Formosa, but in the south 

 only in the winter ; and, according to Pere Armand David, it inhabits the east coasts of Asia up 

 to Kamtchatka, and is often seen on the rivers and lakes in the interior of China and Mongolia. 

 The Chinese use tamed Cormorants for fishing, and hatch their eggs under hens. Messrs. Finsch 

 and Hartlaub say that they have compared examples from Castries Bay, on the east coast of 

 Mantchuria, which were identical with European birds. It is found in Japan, where it was 

 obtained by Siebold and Whitely, and ranges southward to Australia and New Zealand. Pro- 

 fessor Schlegel has examined specimens from Sumatra, Australia, and New Zealand, which he 

 unites with our European species without hesitation, those from Sumatra being moderate in size, 



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