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Ireland,' on the authority of the following words from Giraldus : — " Ciconise vero per totam 

 insulam rarissimaa sunt illse nigree." — Top. Hib. 707. 



It has been met with twice in Norway, as Mr. Collett writes to me that there is a specimen 

 in the Christiania University Museum, which was shot at Fredrickstad, and since then one was 

 shot at Vang, in Hedemarken. 



In Sweden it is, Dr. Sundstrom informs me, "very rare, occurring singly or in pairs, he- 

 quenting lonely woods far from human habitations. It has been recorded from Skane, Smaland, 

 Ostergotland, Vestergotland, Dalsland, Wermland, Nerike, Gestrikland, Helsingland, and on 

 Gottland. In the summer of 1862 one frequented Qvistbro parish, in Nerike, where I then 

 lived. It breeds, as also Mr. Meves informs me, at Kingsjo, in Skane, and as far north as 

 Gestrikland, but is with us a migrant; but, curiously enough, the only specimen obtained on 

 Gottland was shot in the winter. It places its nest on the lower branches of both conifer and 

 non-evergreen trees. A specimen is in the University Museum at Helsingfors, which was obtained 

 in the southern part of Finland." 



In Eastern Eussia the distribution of the Black Stork is, Mr. Sabanaeff informs me, most 

 peculiar, as, strange to say, it appears never to be met with in the interior. It has been observed 

 in the Government of Vologda during migration, and breeds in the south-western portions of 

 Perm. Bogdanoff writes that it has been known to nest on the central Volga; and Danilotf 

 records it as observed only during passage in the Government of Orloff, but common in Charkoff. 

 Mr. Sabanaeff further writes that it breeds in the Poleffsky and Niajepetrovsk Ural, is occasionally 

 met with on the eastern slope, and appears annually in the district of Ekaterinburg. Falk met 

 with it on the Kama. 



Mr. Taczanowsky, writing from Warsaw, informs me that " it is rare in Poland, and, as 

 elsewhere, it only breeds in swampy forests situated in different parts of the country, and always 

 in isolated pairs. According to Professor Kessler it is just as rare in the districts of KiefT, and 

 does not seem to be more numerous in Siberia." I saw it not unfrequently in Pomerania; and 

 Borggreve records it as " not a rare summer visitor to the eastern portion of North Germany, 

 where it is found in the swampy woods, being most numerous on the coast of Pomerania. In 

 the western portion of the empire it but rarely occurs. According to Brahts it sometimes breeds 

 at Neuwied, and according to Von Negelein in Oldenburg ; and Saxesen likewise states that it 

 nests in the Harz. Formerly it used to breed in Miinsterland, near Cassel, and other places. It 

 occurs sparingly in Anhalt and Holstein, and is tolerably numerous in Brandenburg." Borggreve 

 himself saw a flock of over a hundred individuals in the spring at Odenbruch. 



In Denmark it is not uncommon, and breeds annually, as I am informed by Mr. Fischer, at 

 Fredrikslund. In Holland, Belgium, and Luxemburg it occurs at rare intervals during the 

 spring and autumn migrations, and is extremely shy. MM. Degland and Gerbe write that " it 

 occurs with tolerable regularity on the autumn migration in the north of France ; and many 

 individuals have been obtained near Quesnoy, Lille, Dunkirk, Boulogne, Montreuil-sur-Mer, and 

 Abbeville ; also at Nancy, Toul, Metz, and Briey, according to Godron. Near Marseilles it is 

 obtained nearly every year in the pine-woods bordering the sea." 



I do not find it recorded by Professor Barboza du Bocage as having been met with in 

 Portugal ; but regarding its occurrence in Spain Lord Lilford writes to me, " the Black Stork, 



4s 



