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Stork in the Pravidy valley, and near Babadagh, where a pair were making their nest in a low 

 rock on the edge of the forest." An interesting account was also published by Mr. W. H. Hudleston 

 respecting the nidification of the Black Stork in the Dobrudscha, from which I give extracts 

 below. Professor Nordmann met with it in the Crimea, where, he states, it is not rare, but is 

 less abundant in Bessarabia. Menetries (Cat. Pais. p. 50) records it as common at Lenkoran, in 

 the Caucasus; and Canon Tristram writes (Ibis, 18G8, p. 326), in Palestine it is found through- 

 out the winter " in small flocks on the barren plains by the Dead Sea, never visiting the upper 

 country. I was told that they build in the oak trees in Bashan, but did not meet with them in 

 my hasty ride through that country." 



In Northern Africa it occurs in Egypt and Nubia on the eastern side; and on the western 

 side it has been recorded from various localities down to the Cape colony, where Layard (B. of 

 S. A. p. 315) met with it; Riippell met with it occasionally in Abyssinia during the winter; and 

 Von Heuglin records it as found on the damp elevated plateaux of Semien and Woggera, at an 

 altitude of from 9000 to 10,000 feet, Captain Shelley writes (B. of E. p. 265) that it " ranges 

 throughout Egypt and Nubia, but is not very plentiful ;" and Mr. E. C. Taylor refers to it 

 (Ibis, 1859, p. 51) as seen frequently in Egypt, but less numerous than C. alba. 



On the west side it has not been recorded from Algeria; but Major Irby informs me that it 

 occurs frequently in Morocco, and was seen by him near Tangier, where, however, it is rare. 

 Lichtenstein records it as occurring in Senegambia ; Beaudouin as found at Bissao ; Pel met 

 with it in Ashantee ; and Chapman on the Zambesi. Messrs. Finsch and Hartlaub (Vog. N.O.- 

 Afr. p. 720) state, on the authority of the late M. Jules Verreaux, that it is tolerably numerous 

 in the Cape colony, and breeds there. Vernon Harcourt records it (P. Z. S. 1851, p. 146) as 

 found in Madeira ; but Mr. Godman does not include it in his list of the birds of the Azores. 



To the eastward the Black Stork occurs in India, China, and South-eastern Siberia. 

 De Filippi did not meet with it in Persia, but only in the Caucasus. Dr. A. Leith Adams 

 (P. Z. S. 1858, p. 508) shot a female on the Jhelum river, in the vale of Cashmere, but did not 

 observe it elsewhere. Dr. Jerdon (B. of I. ii. p. 735) writes, it is " rare in India. I have seen 

 it occasionally, and killed it in the Deccan, and also near Saugor, in Central India ; it has been 

 sent from the Dehra Doon to the Museum of the Asiatic Society, and is probably not very rare 

 in the Punjab. It frequents secluded wooded streams, rivers, and lakes, and lives chiefly on 

 aquatic food. It is considered one of the finest quarries for the Bhyri, and the day that a Black 

 Stork is killed is marked by the Indian falconer with a white stone. The Black Stork is only a 

 winter visitant to India." It has been met with in China ; and Mr. Swinhoe states (P. Z. S. 

 1871, p. 411) that it "inhabits, in small numbers, the mountains near Pekin that yield streams 

 containing fish, and nests on inaccessible rocks." Dr. Dybowski met with it in Dauria, where it 

 is, he states, tolerably common, and is called by the Buriats " Chylyn ;" and Dr. G. Eadde writes 

 that he saw it near Nasariin at an altitude of about 2000 feet above the sea-level ; on the Upper 

 Amoor and on the Lower Schilka, where the banks were steep and well wooded, this species was 

 common; but none were observed between the Bureja Mountains and the Ussuri, where there is 

 no wood. He saw three on the Tarei-nor on the 4th of May; and on the Bureja Mountains the 

 first were observed on the 27th of April. 



In its habits the Black Stork is far less sociable than its close ally, Ciconia alba, and, unlike 



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