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erythropus, yet the present species certainly occurs on passage in Central and Southern Sweden, 

 and there are specimens in the Stockholm Museum obtained on Morko in October. It doubtless 

 occurs on the coast of Finland ; but Professor Malmgren states that, so far as he is aware, there 

 is no instance of a specimen having been obtained there. Mr. Sabanaeff informs me that the 

 present species is common on passage in the interior of Russia, especially in the districts 

 bordering the Volga, and he found it very common in the lakes on the south-eastern slope of 

 the Ural. It migrates from the mouth of the Ob, through the districts in the east of the Perm 

 Government, and along the Kama river. I have never received it from Archangel in any of the 

 collections sent to me from there ; and it would seem to breed further east. In Poland, Mr. 

 Taczanowski states, it is rare on passage ; and Borggreve says that it is seen almost every season 

 on passage on the coasts of North Germany, but is seldom to be met with in the interior. 

 Mr. Collin writes that in March and April, and again in September and October, it is common 

 off the coasts of Denmark, especially on the west coast of Jutland and the Duchies, on Moen, 

 Falster, &c. It is found in Holland on passage between December and February, and is said to 

 occur abundantly in Belgium, at the mouth of the Escaut. Messrs. Degland and Gerbe state 

 that it occurs in large flocks on the coasts of France in December, January, and February, and 

 is the Goose most frequently met with in the vicinity of Lille. It also appears in large flocks in 

 Lorraine, Anjou, and the Basses Pyrenees. It is included by Professor Barboza du Bocage in his 

 list of the birds of Portugal with a query ; and Colonel Irby stated in his ' Ornithology of the 

 Straits of Gibraltar ' that he never met with it on either side of the Straits of Gibraltar ; but he 

 has since informed me that a specimen was shot by Lieutenant Kelham, 74th Highlanders, on 

 the 8th January, at Laguna de la Janda, near Gibraltar, and that he was informed by Lord 

 Lilford that he has recognized the cry of this Goose near Seville. In Italy, Salvadori states, it is 

 of rare occurrence in the winter, and usually met with in the northern districts. It has been 

 recorded from Pavia, Tuscany, and near Rome ; and Professor Costa mentions that one was 

 obtained near Naples in January or February 1870. It does not seem to occur on the islands 

 in the Mediterranean. According to Dr. A. Fritsch (J. f. O. 1872, p. 367) the White-fronted 

 Goose appears as a straggler in company with the Bean-Goose on the ponds near Frauenberg, 

 in Bohemia, where it is known under the name of " Lachgans ;" and there is a fine series of 

 specimens in the museum of that town. Elsewhere in Bohemia he has not heard of its occur- 

 rence ; and altogether it appears to be but seldom met with in South Germany. Messrs. Danford 

 and Harvie-Brown state (Ibis, 1875, p. 426) that, according to Herr Buda Adam, it has occurred 

 in Transylvania, but that it is very rare there ; and Messrs. Elwes and Buckley say that it is 

 occasionally found in Turkey in winter. According to Dr. Kriiper it frequently visits Greece 

 during severe winters ; and it is also a winter visitant to Southern Russia and Asia Minor ; but 

 Canon Tristram does not appear to have met with it in Palestine. 



In North-east Africa it is found commonly during the cold season. Captain Shelley writes 

 (B. of Egypt, p. 280) as follows: — " This is the most abundant Goose in Egypt, where it may 

 usually be met with in flocks, but does not remain in the country later than March. When on 

 the wing they fly in a wedge-shaped flock, and frequently utter a loud, harsh cry, which may be 

 heard at a considerable distance. They are generally on the move just before sunrise and sunset ; 

 and as they are very regular, taking the same line of flight and feeding at the same spot each 



