618 



laribus conspicue ferrugineo marginatis : remigibus nigricantibus, primariis extus pallidioribus, et 

 secundariis fulvido lavatis : uropygio, supracaudalibus et rectricibus centralibus nigris : cauda, rehqua 

 alba, rectricibus centralibus valde elongatis : corpore inio subtiis albo, hypochondriis vix cano lavatis, 

 subalaribus nigro fuscis : rostro nigricanti-plumbeo, versus apicem fascia aurantiaca notato : pedibus 

 plunibeis : iride fusca. 



6 ptil. hiem. fronte et capitis lateribus pallide cinereis, capite et collo albis, macula magna in colli lateribus 

 utrinque nigra, in parte ima, castanea : dorso centraliter et dorsi lateribus, uropygio, supracaudalibus et 

 rectricibus centralibus nigris : scapularibus albis : alis ut in ptilosi testivali picturatis, sed secundariis 

 castaueo lavatis : pectore nigro : corpore reliquo subtiis albo. 



5 ad. ptil. hiem. pileo et nucha, nigro-fuscis, collo postico pallide nigro-fusco griseo irnmixto : dorsi lateribus, 

 dorso centraliter et uropygio nigricantibus : scapularibus fusco-cinereis centraliter fuscis : alis et cauda, 

 ut in mare picturatis sed sordidioribus : rectricibus centralibus haud elongatis : capitis lateribus albis : 

 mento et macula in colli lateribus fuscis : gutture fusco lavato et pectore superiore nigro-fusco, corpore 

 reliquo subtiis albo. 



Adult Male in summer (Greenland) . Forehead and fore part of the crown, together with the sides of the 

 head, diminishing to a broad mark behind the eye, pale sooty grey, the space round the eye almost pure 

 white ; rest of the crown, a stripe passing along the centre of the forehead, the entire throat, neck, and 

 breast black, the throat slightly marked with white ; upper parts black, the feathers on the fore part of 

 the back and the scapulars broadly margined with chestnut or rusty red ; secondaries brownish, and 

 the primaries on the outer web lighter; rump, upper tail-coverts, and central rectrices black, the 

 remaining tail-feathers white, the two central rectrices much elongated ; uuderparts below the breast, 

 and sides of the rump, pure white ; flanks faintly washed with French grey ; under wing-coverts brownish 

 black ; bill dusky blackish lead-colour with a band of pinkish orange across ; iris deep reddish brown ; 

 legs and feet lead-blue with the articulations blackish. Total length about 22 inches, culmen 1*2, 

 gape l - 7, wing 90, tail 8-0, the central rectrices extending nearly 5'0 beyond the rest; tarsus l - 4. 



Adidt Female in summer (Great Zemelskai Tundra, Petchora) . Resembles the old female in winter dress, 

 but is greyer, the upper parts being blackish brown, all the feathers having greyish ashy brown 

 margins, which give the upper surface of the body a mottled appearance ; wiugs duller and browner 

 than in winter, the secondaries externally broadly margined with greyish brown ; underparts white, the 

 broad band across the upper breast dull dark ashy, not deep brown as in the winter, and the flanks are 

 slightly tinged with ashy grey. 



Adult Male in winter (Point Lepreaux, New Brunswick) . Forehead and sides of the head light ashy grey, 

 darker and browner round the eye ; a broad long patch on the sides of the neck dark brown, becoming 

 chestnut-red on the lower part, rest of the head and neck pure white, this colour extending on to 

 the upper part of the breast and back ; scapulars pure white, lower part and sides of the back (forming 

 a sort of saddle), rump, upper tail-coverts, and central rectrices deep black; wings as in the summer 

 dress, but the secondaries are externally washed with chestnut ; undersurface of the body, except as 

 above stated, as in the summer dress, the breast being black, and the abdomen white. 



Adult Female in winter (Point Lepreaux, 25th October). Crown and nape blackish brown, becoming lighter 

 and intermixed with grey on the hind neck ; centre and sides of the back and rump black, as in the 

 male ; scapulars dark ashy brown with dark brown centres ; wings and tail as in the male, but duller, 

 and the central rectrices not elongated ; sides of the head dull white ; chin and a large patch passing 



