630 



<J homot. siniilis feminse adultae sed saturatior, plumis obsolete fulvo marginatis, paucis ad basin albicantibus : 

 facie laterali plaga triangulari nigricante notata : subtus pallide brunneus, pectore antico brunneo, albo 

 et fulvo transfasciato : fasciis alaribus albis vix conspicuis. 



Adult Male. Top of the head deep blue-black, with a line of white dividing the centre of the crown from 

 the level of the eye to the nape ; cheeks, sides of the neck, and entire back and scapulars white, slightly 

 tinged with yellow on the latter ; nape and hinder portion of the auricular region pale sea-green ; lower 

 part of the centre of the back, rump, and upper tail-coverts deep black ; lesser and median wing-coverts 

 white, slightly tinged with yellow, the greater coverts black ; quills blackish brown, except the inner- 

 most secondaries, which are white and sickle-shaped; tail greyish brown; throat white, gradually 

 shading into yellowish on the lower part, until it becomes a pale stone-colour on the upper part of the 

 breast ; rest of the under surface of the body black, with a conspicuous white patch on either side of 

 the rump : under wing-coverts white ; bill dull olive-green, almost olive-yellow in old birds, nail 

 brownish white ; feet light olive-green, claws brownish black ; iris brown. Total length 22 inches, 

 culmen 2 - 3, wing 11 "6, tail 4 - 0, tarsus 1'75. 



Male in changing plumage. Head deep purplish black on the forehead and on either side of the crown, with 

 a few little whitish spots interspersed ; the centre of the crown to the occiput fulvous brown ; sides of 

 the face whitish, more inclining to brown just in front of the eye; hinder part of the ear-coverts washed 

 with sea-green ; lower part of the throat and all round the neck brown, chin becoming white ; upper 

 part of the breast very pale salmon-colour, irregularly barred across with brown, which is here and 

 there edged with fulvous ; back and wing-coverts for the most part white, but here and there showing 

 the remains of brown plumage ; lower part of the back and rump deep black ; quills black, the inner- 

 most secondaries sickle-shaped, white for the greater part of their length, but becoming greyish black 

 towards the tip ; rest of the under surface of the body black, but exhibiting a brown tinge under the 

 light; under wing-coverts varied with greyish black and white. 



Adult Female. Above dark brown, everywhere covered with broad sandy or rufous edgings to the plumage, 

 those on the lower part of the back and rump being entirely of the latter colour ; crown of the head 

 dark brown varied with rufous ; sides of the face and throat sandy-coloured, speckled everywhere with 

 tiny spots of black, of which colour are the bases of the feathers ; on the lower part of the throat the 

 black streaks are more distinct ; wing-coverts coloured and barred like the back, the greater ones tipped 

 with white, forming an alar bar ; quills very dark brown, the innermost secondaries sickle-shaped, and 

 externally edged with rufous and sandy colour, the outermost ones tipped with white, forming a second 

 alar bar; tail dark brown, tipped with fulvous; upper part of the breast and flanks sandy-coloured, 

 strongly washed with rufous, and conspicuously barred with black ; centre of the body greyish brown, 

 with here and there traces of black cross bars ; under tail-coverts fulvous, barred with black ; under 

 wing-coverts greyish brown, with a broad white bar of white across the inside of the wing; bill as in 

 the male ; feet as in the male, but darker ; iris brown. Total length 22 inches, culmen 2, wing 106, 

 tail 4, tarsus 1'75. 



Young Male of the previous year. Above dark blackish-brown, with a few fulvous edgings to the feathers of 

 the back, but most of them abraded and almost obsolete, the bases of the feathers greyish white, 

 becoming pure white in a few; feathers extending from the lores to behind the eye, encircling the 

 latter, brown varied with white, paler than the rest of the head ; below this bne of feathers a very large 

 triangular patch of black, reaching from the base of the bill to just below the eye, enclosing both 

 cheeks and ear-coverts, and stretching far down the sides of the neck ; entire throat pale brown, of a 

 downy nature ; upper part of the breast and sides of the body pale brown, barred with fulvous, darker 



