663 



(EDEMIA NIGEA. 



(COMMON SCOTER.) 



Anas nigra, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 196 (1766). 



La Macreuse, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. ix. p. 234 (1783). 



%Anas cinerascens, Bechst. Gemeinn. Naturg. Deutschl. 2nd ed. iii. p. 1025 (1809). 



Anas atra, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. ii. p. 247 (1811). 



Oidemia, Flem. (Anas nigra etfusca), Phil, of Zool. ii. p. 260 (1822). 



Melanitta nigra (L.), Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 564. 



Platypus niger (L.), C. L. Brehm, Lehrb. Naturg. eur. Vog. ii. p. 820 (1824). 



Oidemia nigra (L.), Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 119 (1828). 



Oidemia leucocephala, Flem. op. cit. p. 119 (1828, nee Gmel.). 



Melanitta nigripes, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 901 (1831). 



Melanitta megauros, C. L. Brehm, op. cit. p. 902 (1831). 



Melanitta gibbera, C. L. Brehm, op. cit. p. 902 (1831). 



Fuligula nigra (L.), Degl. Orn. Eur. ii. p. 470 (1849). 



Oedemia nigra (L.), C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 383 (1855). 



Oedemia gibbera, C. L. Brehm, ut supra (1855). 



Oedemia nigripes, C. L. Brehm, ut supra (1855). 



Oedemia megauros, C. L. Brehm, ut supra (1855). 



Tunnag-dubh, Gaelic ; Macreuse, French ; Macrosa, Italian ; Bourk-el-behar, Moorish ; 

 Trauerente, Mohrente, German ; Zwarte Zeeeend, Dutch ; Sort-and, Danish ; Hrafnsbnd, 

 Icelandic ; Svart-and, Norwegian ; Sjoorre, Swedish ; Merilintu, Finnish ; Chernayautka, 

 Russian. 



Figurce notabiles. 



D'Aubenton, PL Enl. 978; Werner, Atlas, Palmipedes, pi. 50; Kjserb. Orn. Dan. taf. 48; 

 Suppl. taf. 28 ; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. taf. 48. fig. 8, taf. 50. fig. 3 ; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. 

 taf. 312; Sundevall, Svensk. Fogl. pi. 61. figs. 1, 2; Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 378; id. B. of 

 G. Brit. v. pi. 28; Schlegel, Vog. Nederl. pi. 307; Roux, Orn. Prov. pis. 369, 370. 



S ad. niger, capite colloque purpureo et corpore supra viridi-purpureo nitentibus, corpore subtus sordidiore et 

 vix fusco lavato : rostro plumbeo-nigro, ad basin tuberculi ossei linea flava, centraliter, et supra plaga, 

 magna aurantiaca notato : iride fusca : pedibus sordide olivaceis. 



2 ad. rnari dissimilis : corpore supra obscure fusco, capite supra saturatiore, collo antico sordide albido, pectore 

 et hypochondriis fuscis, abdomine centraliter griseo-albo fusco notato. 



Adult Male (Stavanger, February). Entire plumage deep black, the upper parts glossed with, greenish steel- 

 blue or purplish blue, the latter tinge predominating on the head and neck ; underparts rather duller, 

 with a brownish tinge ; bill with a large bulb or protuberance at the base of the upper mandible, a line 



H 



