19 



PICUS MAJOR 



(GREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER.) 



Picus major, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 176 (1766). 



Bendrocopus major, Koch, Syst. d. Baier. Zool. p. 72 (1816). 



Bryobates major, Boie, Isis, 1828, p. 325. 



Picus cissa, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso- Asiat. i. p. 412 (1831). 



Picus pinetorum, Brehm, VSg. Deutschl. p. 187 (1831). 



Picus pity opicus, id. torn. cit. p. 188, Taf. xiii. fig. 4 (1831). 



Picus frondium, id. torn. cit. p. 189. 



Picus montanus, id. torn. cit. p. 189. 



Picus pipra, Macgill. Brit. B. iii. p. 80 (1840). 



Picus alpestris, Eeich. Handb. PicincB, p. 365 ( ). 



Picus mesospilus, id. torn. cit. p. 365. 



Picus brevirostris, id. torn. cit. p. 365. 



Picus baskiriensis, " Verreaux" [ubi 1 ?], Bonap. Consp. Vol. Zyg. p. 9 (1854). 



Great Spotted Woodpecker, Pied Woodpecker, Wood-pie, English ; Pic epeiche, French ; Pico 

 rosso maggiore, Italian ; Pica-pau malhado, Portuguese ; grosser Buntspecht, German ; 

 de Bonte Specht, Dutch ; Storre Eackspett, Swedish ; Stor Flagspet, Norwegian ; Flagspet, 

 Danish ; Isompi Tikka, Finnish ; Byatell obiknovenno'i, Russian. 



Figurce notabiles. 

 Gould, B. of Eur. iii. pi. 239 ; Yarr. Brit. B. ii. p. 142 (1843) ; Naum. Vog. Deutschl. v. 

 Taf. 134 ; Kjeerb. Orn. Dan. Afb. 14. fig. 5 ; Schl. Vog. Nederl. pis. 50, 51 ; Reich. Handb. 

 Picince, Taf. dcxxxiii. figs. 4210-12 ; Malh. Monogr. Pic. iii. pi. xvi. figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ; 

 Gould, B. of Gr. Br. pt. iii. ; Bettoni, Ucc. nidif. Lomb. tav. 16. 



d ad. niger : occipite coccineo : fronte fulvescente : loris et faciei lateribus usque ad latera colli, albis, his ad 

 apicem cristse occipitalis striga nigra transnotatis : vitta malari nigra usque ad latera colli extensa : 

 scapularibus albis : tectricibus alarum nigris, dorso concoloribus, majoribus dorsalibus scapularibus 

 proximis albis : remigibus nigris, extus et intus maculis albis irregulariter notatis et transfasciatis : 

 cauda nigra, rectricibus tribus exterioribus sordide albis nigro irregulariter notatis : subtus sordide 

 albus : pectoris lateribus utrinque nigris, torquem interruptam pectoralem formantibus : abdomine imo 

 centrali et crisso toto coccineis : subalaribus albis : rostro saturate cyanescenti-plumbeo, mandibula 

 pallidiore : pedibus viridescenti-plumbeis : iride pallide rubra. 



5 ad. mari omnino similis, sed plaga crissali minus pulchra et crista occipitali absente. 



3 juv. similis adultis, sed pileo antico coccineo. 



Adult Male. Above glossy black, with a strongly marked crimson occipital crest; forehead fulvous; 

 lores, cheeks, feathers round the eye, ear-coverts and sides of the neck creamy white ; a broad black 



2n 



