38?> 



VIJLTUE MONACHUS. 



(CINEREOUS VULTURE.) 



Crested or Coped Black Vulture, Edw. Glean, ii. p. 171 (1760). 



Vultur monachus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 122 (1766). 



Le Vautour, Buff. PI. Enl. 425 (1770). 



Vultur cinereus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 247 (1788). 



Le Chincou, Levaill. Ois. d'Afr. i. pi. 12 (1799). 



Vultur cliincou, Daud. Tr. d'Orn. ii. p. 12 (1800). 



Vultur vulgaris, Daud. Tr. d'Orn. ii. p. 16 (1800). 



Vultur arrianus, Daud. Tr. d'Orn. ii. p. 18 (1800). 



JEgypius niger, Savigny, Ois. d'Egypte, p. 74 (1809). 



Vultur niger, Licht. Verz. Boubl. p. 62 (1823). 



Vultur imjperialis, Temm. PI. Col. 426 (1827). 



Gyps cinereus, Bonap. Comp. List B. Eur. & N. Am. p. 2 (1838). 



JEgypius cinereus, Bonap. Cat. Met. Ucc. Eur. p. 17 (1842). 



Polypteryx cinereus, Blyth, Ann. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 115 (1844). 



Vautour arrian, French ; Buitre negro, Spanish ; grauer Geier, German ; Pica osso, Portu- 

 guese ; Gragrib, Danish. 



Figures notabiles. 



Edw. Gleanings, ii. pi. 290; Buff. PI. Enl. 425; Levaill. Ois. d'Afr. i. pi. 12; Temm. PL 

 Col. 426 ; Naum. Vdg. Deutschl. i. taf. 1 ; Gould, B. of Eur. i. pi. 2 ; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. 

 tab. 1. fig. 4 ; Jaub. & Barth. Rich. Orn. pi. i. ; Bree, B. of Eur. i. p. 7. 



Ad. ex chocolatino niger, vix purpureo nitens : remigibus et rectricibus nigris : facie laterali lanugine nigra 

 induta. : pileo summo et occipite lanuginosis chocolatinis, hoc pallidiore : collo postico et laterali pallide 

 livido : rostro nigricante, cera pallide cyanescente, pedibus livide cinereis. 



Juv. multo pallidior, brunnescentior, remigibus rectricibusque nigricantibus : pilei collique lanugine sparsiore 

 et pallidius brunnea. 



Adult Male. General appearance dull sooty black, having a brownish tinge when viewed in certain lights ; 

 feathers on the fore part of the neck extending downwards on to the chest, hair-like, and of a deep black 

 colour ; a large patch of soft downy black feathers extending down the sides of the lower part of the 

 neck on to the breast; this down flanked on each side by a bunch of long, lanceolate, dusky-black 

 feathers, which point inwards over the breast ; the whole of the crown, sides of the head and the throat, 

 extending in a line down the latter, covered with short, downy, black feathers, very thick and soft to 

 the touch on the head, thinner on the throat ; sides of the neck from the gape and entire back of the 

 neck bare, livid flesh-colour when alive, but yellowish red in a dried skin; encircling the neck a band 

 of pointed downy feathers, particularly long on the back of the neck, where they form a kind of ruff; 



