534 



Kongeorn, Steriorn, Fjeldorn, Norwegian; Kungsom, Swedish ; Maakotka, Finnish ; Bjerkut, 

 Russian. 



Figures notabiles. 



D'Aubenton, PI. Enl. 409, 410; Werner, Atlas, Rapaces, pi. 17; KJEerb. Orn. Dan. taf. 1; 

 Fritsch, Vog. Eur. taf. 7. figs. 1, 2, 3 ; Naumann, Vog. Deutschl. taf. 8, 9, 339 ; Sundevall, 

 Svensk. Fogl. pi. 30. fig. 1 ; Gould, B. of Eur. pi. 6 ; id. B. of G. Brit. i. pi. 2 ; Schlegel, 

 Vog. Nederl. pis. 23, 24, 25; Audub. B. of Am. pi. 12; Wilson, Am. Orn. pi. lv. fig. 1 ; 

 Susemihl, Vog. Eur. taf. 16, 17. 



Ad. fronte et capitis lateribus fuscis : pileo, nucha, et collo postico rufescenti-cervinis, vix rufescenti-fusco 

 notatis, plumis acuminatis et pallidius terminatis : dorso, scapularibus, et tectricibus alarum minoribus 

 saturate fuscis vix purpureo lavatis, plumis ad basin albidis vel cinereis : remigibus primariis nigro- 

 fuscis, secundariis saturate fuscis, ad basin griseo marmoratis : cauda ad basin fusca griseo fasciata. et 

 ad apicem nigro-fusca : mento, gula, gutture et corpore subtus saturate fuscis : tarsi plumis rufescenti- 

 cervinis : iride corylina, : cera. et pedibus flavis : rostro saturate corneo. 



Juv. corpore supra saturatiore : pileo et nucha saturate fuscis, plumis griseo-cervino terminatis : dorso imo et 

 uropygio albo variegatis : cauda ad basin alba et versus apicem nigro-fusca : corpore subtus albido 

 variegato : tarsi plumis albis vix fusco striatis. 



Adult Male (Glinnik, Archangel, 17th March, 1873). Forehead and cheeks deep brown; crown, nape, and 

 hind neck warm rufous buff, varied with rufous brown, most of the feathers with lighter tips, and all 

 the shafts of the feathers blackish ; back, scapulars, and lesser wing-coverts deep brown with a faint 

 purplish gloss, most of the feathers with greyish or whitish bases ; primaries blackish brown, secondaries 

 dark brown, marbled, except towards the tip, with greyish white ; tail on the basal two thirds blackish 

 brown, barred irregularly with dark grey, and on the terminal third uniform blackish brown; chin, 

 throat, and underparts deep, almost blackish, brown, with here and there the light bases of the feathers 

 showing through ; tarsus feathered, rufous creamy buff in colour ; iris rich hazel-brown ; cere and feet 

 yellow; bill dark horn; and claws blackish horn. Total length nearly three feet, culmen 2-8 inches, 

 wing 23'6, tail 13 - 5, tarsus 4 - 2. 



Adult Female. Resembles the male, but is rather larger. 



Young Male (Sierra Nevada, January 1871). Differs from the adult in having the upper parts more 

 uniformly dark in colour ; the crown and nape are dark brown, the feathers having greyish buff tips ; 

 the lower back and rump are much varied with white ; the basal two thirds of the tail are white, very 

 slightly marbled with pale brown ; the underparts are much varied with white ; and the feathers on the 

 tarse are dull white, streaked and slightly marbled with brown. 



The range of the Golden Eagle embraces almost the whole of the Palsearctic Region; for it 

 occurs from Northern Scandinavia down to North Africa, and from Spain right across Europe 

 into Dauria in Eastern Asia, ranging south in the Eastern Palsearctic Region to the Himalayas. 

 It is also found in North America, in the Arctic Regions, ranging south into temperate 

 America. 



In Great Britain, though generally a somewhat rare species, it is not uncommon in the 

 highlands of Scotland, where it still breeds in many localities. Willughby states that about two 



