ovalem formante : ventre cum cruribus et subalaribus rufescenti-brunnea transnotatis : subcaudalibus 

 albis, fere immaculatis : iride nigricanti-brunnea. 



Adult male in breeding-dress. Above ashy grey, the wing-coverts coloured like the back, but the basal 

 portion of the scapulars white, this, however, being concealed by the rest of the plumage ; quills brown, 

 externally washed with grey, the basal portion of the inner web white, gradually shading into grey 

 towards the apex of the feather, the lower part being likewise irregularly barred with dusky ; tail dark 

 brown, strongly washed with ash-colour, the two centre and two outermost feathers unbarred, all the 

 rest plainly marked with dark grey cross bars ; cheeks, ear-coverts, and sides of the neck clearer grey ; 

 throat white, somewhat tinged with greyish on the lower part, the shafts of the feathers indicated by a 

 very narrow greyish line, but no very distinct throat-stripe being apparent} breast delicate salmon- 

 colour, barred with white, the latter being most obscure on the upper part of the chest, which is almost 

 entirely uniform rufous ; thighs whitish, with indistinct rufous cross bars, especially towards the 

 summit of the tibia; lower part of the abdomen and under tad-coverts white; under wing-coverts 

 whitish, irregularly barred across with pale rufous lines ; bill horn-blue ; feet yellow ; iris deep yellow. 

 Total length 13 - 3 inches, culmen 085, wing 8 - 9, tail 7, tarsus 2'15, middle toe, without the nail, l - 2. 



Adult female. Above brown, the white bases to the scapulars and innermost secondaries well concealed; 

 lores whitish ; cheeks, ear-coverts, and sides of the neck clearer brown ; wing-coverts coloured like the 

 back, with the least tinge of grey; quills blackish brown, the inner webs white at the base, a little 

 tinged with fulvous, and shading into grey towards the tip, all the feathers distinctly barred with 

 blackish ; tail brownish, tinged with grey above, much paler and almost whitish underneath, all the 

 feathers conspicuously banded with six transverse bars of blackish, the two centre and two outer 

 feathers less plainly barred ; throat whitish, the shafts broadly indicated by lines of brown, so that a 

 broad median line is marked out ; rest of the under surface of the body whitish, very thickly barred 

 across with rufous brown, these bars becoming more narrow towards the abdomen and under tail- 

 coverts, where they are narrower and further apart ; the thighs more thickly banded than the 

 abdomen; under wing-coverts thickly covered with rufous-brown bars; bill horn-blue; feet yellow; 

 iris deep amber-yellow. Total length 15 - 5 inches, culmen - 95, wing 9'2, tad 7, tarsus 23, middle toe, 

 without the nail, 1'3. 



Young male. Above dark brown, with scarcely a tinge of grey, but all the feathers edged with rufous, paler 

 on the rump, the head and nape being especially tinged with this colour; wing-coverts coloured and 

 edged like the back ; quills blackish brown, all tipped with rufous, the base of the inner web white, 

 these white bases on the innermost secondaries and scapularies being very distinct when the feathers 

 are moved, the inner web on its under surface slightly tinged with buff, and barred across with black ; 

 tail greyish above, much paler beneath, barred across with black, more obscurely on the two centre 

 and two outside feathers, the latter edged, and all the feathers tipped with rufous ; throat white, with a 

 very distinct median line, caused by the dark shafts to the feathers ; breast white, slightly tinged with 

 buff, and everywhere distinctly marked with rufous-brown oval spots, which are formed by a dark 

 shaft-stripe broadening out into a spot towards the extremity of the plume ; on the abdomen and 

 thighs these spots take the form of broad zigzag bars, which are much fewer in number on the under 

 tad-coverts, these last being almost pure white ; under wing-coverts buffy white, barred across with 

 brown; iris blackish brown. Total length 13 inches, culmen 0'8, wing 8 - 5, tail 6'8, tarsus 19, middle 

 toe, without the nail, 1-2. 



Obs. Between the adult male and female scarcely any difference in size exists ; but very young 

 males have shorter wings. The latter, though resembling the old female so far as the brown 



