234 



ASCOMYCETES. 



mouth pine. According to the observations of Eostrup in 



Denmark, and myself in various localities of Germany, this 

 is a dangerous parasite on Pinus Strobus. 

 It kills the needles and young shoots, 

 and may devastate whole tracts of forest. 

 The diseased needles become brown in 

 summer, and fall off during next winter. 

 On them are produced apothecia containing 

 club-shaped asci and paraphyses with button- 

 shaped ends. The eight spores of each ascus 

 are at first unicellular, later apparently bi- 

 cellular, and enclosed in a very mucilaginous 

 coat. The asci have an average length of 

 120m, the spores 20/u, and when swollen 

 28 to 30m. 



H. pinicola Brunch.^ forms linear apothecia 

 on needles of Pinus syhestris. 

 H. ericae Tubeuf.^ In Tyrol and Northern Italy, this fungus 



causes a disease on Erica carnea. It is common and epidemic, 



causing death of the leaves. 



Fig. 118.— Leaf of £i-i<;a 

 camea with apothecia of 

 Hi/poderma ericae on the 

 lower surface. 1, An 

 eutire and a dehiscing 

 ascus ; a two-celled asco- 

 spore. (v. Tubeuf del.) 



HypodermeUa. 



Similar to Hypoderma, except that the spores are pear-shaped 

 and unicellular ; they occur four in each ascus, and are shorter 

 than it. 



HypodermeUa sulcigena (Link)^ has four long, club-shaped, 

 unicellular spores. Eostrup regards it as parasitic on Fimos 

 montana and P. syhestris, its mycelium being found in living 

 green needles, and causing their death. 



Hyp. lands Tubeuf.^ This is a new fungus of the larch- 

 needle found by Tubeuf on the Sonnenwendstein (Bavaria) in 

 September, 1894. It was present in large quantity on larches 

 on the upper part of the mountain, and was in every way so 

 decidedly parasitic in character, that there is little doubt as to 

 its being an epidemic disease. The full-grown needles on many 

 of the foliar spurs had died off and turned brown. The 



' Brunchorst, Nogle norske skovsygdomme in Bergens Mvn., 1892. 

 "v. Tubeuf, Boian. Centralblatt, xxi., ISSo, and LXi., 1895. 

 ' Rostrup, Fortsatte Undcrsoegelser, 1SS3. 



