298 USTILAGINEAE. 



Ust. betonicae Beck.^ occurs in the anthers of Betonicn, 

 Alopecurus. Its spores are larger than those of Ust. violacea, 

 and have larger-meshed reticulations on the spore-coat. The 

 spores germinate in water, and as a rule produce a three-celled 

 promycelium from which conidia are abjointed. These at once, 

 or after production of conidia, coalesce in pairs and give off germ- 

 tubes. In nutritive solutions germination takes place much 

 more vigorously, numerous conidia are formed and continue to 

 bud off new conidia till the nutriment is exhausted, when 

 coalescence of conidia and development of hyphae takes place. 



Ust. bistortarum D. C. frequents leaves of Polygonum and 

 Rumex. (Britain and U.S. America.) Brefeld states that the 

 spores are dark-red and germinate to four-celled proniycelia, 

 from which conidia are produced and readily coalesce, especially 

 in presence of abundant nutriment. 



Ust. marginalis (Lk.) on Polygonum. Bistorta. The spore-masses 

 are dark-violet, and occur chiefly on the margins of the leaves. 

 The spores germinate in water and produce a four-celled promy- 

 celium with oval conidia, which do not sprout, but either pair 

 or grow out as hyphae. 



Ust. anomala Kuuze. On leaves and in ovaries of Polygonum (U.S. America). 



Ust. utriculosa (Nees). In ovaries and anthers of Polygonum. The 

 greyish- violet spores, Brefeld says, germinate during the following sximmer, 

 and give off four-celled promycelia with conidia which do not coalesce in 

 pairs. (Britain and U.S. America.) 



Ust. Parlatorei Fisch. On twigs and leaves of Rumex maritimus and R. 

 ohtusifolius. 



Ust. Kuhneana Wolf. Inhabits all parts of Rumex Acetosa and .S. Aceto- 

 sella (Britain). 



Ust. Goeppertiana Schroet. On Rumex A cetosa, especially in leaves and 

 leaf-petioles. The spores germinate in water or nutritive solution. The 

 promycelium is unicelhilar and remains inside the spore, giving oflF a single 

 conidium, which for a time buds off other conidia (Ust. olivacea alone behaves 

 in this same way). 



Ust. Molleri Bref. On Polygonum hispidum. 



Ust. Koordersiana Bref. On Polygonum harhatum in Java. 



Ust. domestica Bref. On Rumex domesticate in Norway. 



Ust. vinosa (Berk.). On fruits of Oxyria (Britain and U.S. America). The 

 spores germinate in water or nutritive solutions, and produce a four-celled 

 promycelium from which conidia are given off, especially in nutritive 

 solutions ; the conidia ultimately produce germ-tubes. 



^ Zoolog.-botan. GenelL, Vienna, 1880. 



